diff --git a/.JuliaFormatter.toml b/.JuliaFormatter.toml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7880507 --- /dev/null +++ b/.JuliaFormatter.toml @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +style = "blue" + +margin = 100 +always_for_in = true +whitespace_ops_in_indices = true +remove_extra_newlines = true +import_to_using = true +pipe_to_function_call = false +short_to_long_function_def = false +always_use_return = false +format_docstrings = true +conditional_to_if = true +trailing_comma = true +join_lines_based_on_source = false +format_markdown = true \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/.vscode/settings.json b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/.vscode/settings.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e984561 --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/.vscode/settings.json @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +{ + "cSpell.words": [ + "cryptonomist" + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/Manifest.toml b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/Manifest.toml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..36b8e1b --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/Manifest.toml @@ -0,0 +1,1138 @@ +# This file is machine-generated - editing it directly is not advised + +julia_version = "1.7.0-rc1" +manifest_format = "2.0" + +[[deps.AbstractFFTs]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra"] +git-tree-sha1 = "485ee0867925449198280d4af84bdb46a2a404d0" +uuid = "621f4979-c628-5d54-868e-fcf4e3e8185c" +version = "1.0.1" + +[[deps.Adapt]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra"] +git-tree-sha1 = "84918055d15b3114ede17ac6a7182f68870c16f7" +uuid = "79e6a3ab-5dfb-504d-930d-738a2a938a0e" +version = "3.3.1" + +[[deps.ArgTools]] +uuid = "0dad84c5-d112-42e6-8d28-ef12dabb789f" + +[[deps.Arpack]] +deps = ["Arpack_jll", "Libdl", "LinearAlgebra"] +git-tree-sha1 = "2ff92b71ba1747c5fdd541f8fc87736d82f40ec9" +uuid = "7d9fca2a-8960-54d3-9f78-7d1dccf2cb97" +version = "0.4.0" + +[[deps.Arpack_jll]] +deps = ["Libdl", "OpenBLAS_jll", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "e214a9b9bd1b4e1b4f15b22c0994862b66af7ff7" +uuid = "68821587-b530-5797-8361-c406ea357684" +version = "3.5.0+3" + +[[deps.Artifacts]] +uuid = "56f22d72-fd6d-98f1-02f0-08ddc0907c33" + +[[deps.AxisAlgorithms]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "Random", "SparseArrays", "WoodburyMatrices"] +git-tree-sha1 = "66771c8d21c8ff5e3a93379480a2307ac36863f7" +uuid = "13072b0f-2c55-5437-9ae7-d433b7a33950" +version = "1.0.1" + +[[deps.Base64]] +uuid = "2a0f44e3-6c83-55bd-87e4-b1978d98bd5f" + +[[deps.Bzip2_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "19a35467a82e236ff51bc17a3a44b69ef35185a2" +uuid = "6e34b625-4abd-537c-b88f-471c36dfa7a0" +version = "1.0.8+0" + +[[deps.CSV]] +deps = ["CodecZlib", "Dates", "FilePathsBase", "InlineStrings", "Mmap", "Parsers", "PooledArrays", "SentinelArrays", "Tables", "Unicode", "WeakRefStrings"] +git-tree-sha1 = "49f14b6c56a2da47608fe30aed711b5882264d7a" +uuid = "336ed68f-0bac-5ca0-87d4-7b16caf5d00b" +version = "0.9.11" + +[[deps.Cairo_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Bzip2_jll", "Fontconfig_jll", "FreeType2_jll", "Glib_jll", "JLLWrappers", "LZO_jll", "Libdl", "Pixman_jll", "Pkg", "Xorg_libXext_jll", "Xorg_libXrender_jll", "Zlib_jll", "libpng_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "f2202b55d816427cd385a9a4f3ffb226bee80f99" +uuid = "83423d85-b0ee-5818-9007-b63ccbeb887a" +version = "1.16.1+0" + +[[deps.ChainRulesCore]] +deps = ["Compat", "LinearAlgebra", "SparseArrays"] +git-tree-sha1 = "f885e7e7c124f8c92650d61b9477b9ac2ee607dd" +uuid = "d360d2e6-b24c-11e9-a2a3-2a2ae2dbcce4" +version = "1.11.1" + +[[deps.ChangesOfVariables]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "Test"] +git-tree-sha1 = "9a1d594397670492219635b35a3d830b04730d62" +uuid = "9e997f8a-9a97-42d5-a9f1-ce6bfc15e2c0" +version = "0.1.1" + +[[deps.Clustering]] +deps = ["Distances", "LinearAlgebra", "NearestNeighbors", "Printf", "SparseArrays", "Statistics", "StatsBase"] +git-tree-sha1 = "75479b7df4167267d75294d14b58244695beb2ac" +uuid = "aaaa29a8-35af-508c-8bc3-b662a17a0fe5" +version = "0.14.2" + +[[deps.CodecZlib]] +deps = ["TranscodingStreams", "Zlib_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "ded953804d019afa9a3f98981d99b33e3db7b6da" +uuid = "944b1d66-785c-5afd-91f1-9de20f533193" +version = "0.7.0" + +[[deps.ColorSchemes]] +deps = ["ColorTypes", "Colors", "FixedPointNumbers", "Random"] +git-tree-sha1 = "a851fec56cb73cfdf43762999ec72eff5b86882a" +uuid = "35d6a980-a343-548e-a6ea-1d62b119f2f4" +version = "3.15.0" + +[[deps.ColorTypes]] +deps = ["FixedPointNumbers", "Random"] +git-tree-sha1 = "024fe24d83e4a5bf5fc80501a314ce0d1aa35597" +uuid = "3da002f7-5984-5a60-b8a6-cbb66c0b333f" +version = "0.11.0" + +[[deps.Colors]] +deps = ["ColorTypes", "FixedPointNumbers", "Reexport"] +git-tree-sha1 = "417b0ed7b8b838aa6ca0a87aadf1bb9eb111ce40" +uuid = "5ae59095-9a9b-59fe-a467-6f913c188581" +version = "0.12.8" + +[[deps.Compat]] +deps = ["Base64", "Dates", "DelimitedFiles", "Distributed", "InteractiveUtils", "LibGit2", "Libdl", "LinearAlgebra", "Markdown", "Mmap", "Pkg", "Printf", "REPL", "Random", "SHA", "Serialization", "SharedArrays", "Sockets", "SparseArrays", "Statistics", "Test", "UUIDs", "Unicode"] +git-tree-sha1 = "dce3e3fea680869eaa0b774b2e8343e9ff442313" +uuid = "34da2185-b29b-5c13-b0c7-acf172513d20" +version = "3.40.0" + +[[deps.CompilerSupportLibraries_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl"] +uuid = "e66e0078-7015-5450-92f7-15fbd957f2ae" + +[[deps.Contour]] +deps = ["StaticArrays"] +git-tree-sha1 = "9f02045d934dc030edad45944ea80dbd1f0ebea7" +uuid = "d38c429a-6771-53c6-b99e-75d170b6e991" +version = "0.5.7" + +[[deps.Crayons]] +git-tree-sha1 = "3f71217b538d7aaee0b69ab47d9b7724ca8afa0d" +uuid = "a8cc5b0e-0ffa-5ad4-8c14-923d3ee1735f" +version = "4.0.4" + +[[deps.DataAPI]] +git-tree-sha1 = "cc70b17275652eb47bc9e5f81635981f13cea5c8" +uuid = "9a962f9c-6df0-11e9-0e5d-c546b8b5ee8a" +version = "1.9.0" + +[[deps.DataFrames]] +deps = ["Compat", "DataAPI", "Future", "InvertedIndices", "IteratorInterfaceExtensions", "LinearAlgebra", "Markdown", "Missings", "PooledArrays", "PrettyTables", "Printf", "REPL", "Reexport", "SortingAlgorithms", "Statistics", "TableTraits", "Tables", "Unicode"] +git-tree-sha1 = "d785f42445b63fc86caa08bb9a9351008be9b765" +uuid = "a93c6f00-e57d-5684-b7b6-d8193f3e46c0" +version = "1.2.2" + +[[deps.DataStructures]] +deps = ["Compat", "InteractiveUtils", "OrderedCollections"] +git-tree-sha1 = "7d9d316f04214f7efdbb6398d545446e246eff02" +uuid = "864edb3b-99cc-5e75-8d2d-829cb0a9cfe8" +version = "0.18.10" + +[[deps.DataValueInterfaces]] +git-tree-sha1 = "bfc1187b79289637fa0ef6d4436ebdfe6905cbd6" +uuid = "e2d170a0-9d28-54be-80f0-106bbe20a464" +version = "1.0.0" + +[[deps.DataValues]] +deps = ["DataValueInterfaces", "Dates"] +git-tree-sha1 = "d88a19299eba280a6d062e135a43f00323ae70bf" +uuid = "e7dc6d0d-1eca-5fa6-8ad6-5aecde8b7ea5" +version = "0.4.13" + +[[deps.Dates]] +deps = ["Printf"] +uuid = "ade2ca70-3891-5945-98fb-dc099432e06a" + +[[deps.DelimitedFiles]] +deps = ["Mmap"] +uuid = "8bb1440f-4735-579b-a4ab-409b98df4dab" + +[[deps.DensityInterface]] +deps = ["InverseFunctions", "Test"] +git-tree-sha1 = "80c3e8639e3353e5d2912fb3a1916b8455e2494b" +uuid = "b429d917-457f-4dbc-8f4c-0cc954292b1d" +version = "0.4.0" + +[[deps.Distances]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "Statistics", "StatsAPI"] +git-tree-sha1 = "837c83e5574582e07662bbbba733964ff7c26b9d" +uuid = "b4f34e82-e78d-54a5-968a-f98e89d6e8f7" +version = "0.10.6" + +[[deps.Distributed]] +deps = ["Random", "Serialization", "Sockets"] +uuid = "8ba89e20-285c-5b6f-9357-94700520ee1b" + +[[deps.Distributions]] +deps = ["ChainRulesCore", "DensityInterface", "FillArrays", "LinearAlgebra", "PDMats", "Printf", "QuadGK", "Random", "SparseArrays", "SpecialFunctions", "Statistics", "StatsBase", "StatsFuns", "Test"] +git-tree-sha1 = "a17e3bce1fd6747162d1a467ced6974d630244ce" +uuid = "31c24e10-a181-5473-b8eb-7969acd0382f" +version = "0.25.33" + +[[deps.DocStringExtensions]] +deps = ["LibGit2"] +git-tree-sha1 = "b19534d1895d702889b219c382a6e18010797f0b" +uuid = "ffbed154-4ef7-542d-bbb7-c09d3a79fcae" +version = "0.8.6" + +[[deps.Downloads]] +deps = ["ArgTools", "LibCURL", "NetworkOptions"] +uuid = "f43a241f-c20a-4ad4-852c-f6b1247861c6" + +[[deps.EarCut_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "3f3a2501fa7236e9b911e0f7a588c657e822bb6d" +uuid = "5ae413db-bbd1-5e63-b57d-d24a61df00f5" +version = "2.2.3+0" + +[[deps.Expat_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "b3bfd02e98aedfa5cf885665493c5598c350cd2f" +uuid = "2e619515-83b5-522b-bb60-26c02a35a201" +version = "2.2.10+0" + +[[deps.FFMPEG]] +deps = ["FFMPEG_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "b57e3acbe22f8484b4b5ff66a7499717fe1a9cc8" +uuid = "c87230d0-a227-11e9-1b43-d7ebe4e7570a" +version = "0.4.1" + +[[deps.FFMPEG_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Bzip2_jll", "FreeType2_jll", "FriBidi_jll", "JLLWrappers", "LAME_jll", "Libdl", "Ogg_jll", "OpenSSL_jll", "Opus_jll", "Pkg", "Zlib_jll", "libass_jll", "libfdk_aac_jll", "libvorbis_jll", "x264_jll", "x265_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "d8a578692e3077ac998b50c0217dfd67f21d1e5f" +uuid = "b22a6f82-2f65-5046-a5b2-351ab43fb4e5" +version = "4.4.0+0" + +[[deps.FFTW]] +deps = ["AbstractFFTs", "FFTW_jll", "LinearAlgebra", "MKL_jll", "Preferences", "Reexport"] +git-tree-sha1 = "463cb335fa22c4ebacfd1faba5fde14edb80d96c" +uuid = "7a1cc6ca-52ef-59f5-83cd-3a7055c09341" +version = "1.4.5" + +[[deps.FFTW_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "c6033cc3892d0ef5bb9cd29b7f2f0331ea5184ea" +uuid = "f5851436-0d7a-5f13-b9de-f02708fd171a" +version = "3.3.10+0" + +[[deps.FilePathsBase]] +deps = ["Compat", "Dates", "Mmap", "Printf", "Test", "UUIDs"] +git-tree-sha1 = "04d13bfa8ef11720c24e4d840c0033d145537df7" +uuid = "48062228-2e41-5def-b9a4-89aafe57970f" +version = "0.9.17" + +[[deps.FillArrays]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "Random", "SparseArrays", "Statistics"] +git-tree-sha1 = "8756f9935b7ccc9064c6eef0bff0ad643df733a3" +uuid = "1a297f60-69ca-5386-bcde-b61e274b549b" +version = "0.12.7" + +[[deps.FixedPointNumbers]] +deps = ["Statistics"] +git-tree-sha1 = "335bfdceacc84c5cdf16aadc768aa5ddfc5383cc" +uuid = "53c48c17-4a7d-5ca2-90c5-79b7896eea93" +version = "0.8.4" + +[[deps.Fontconfig_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Bzip2_jll", "Expat_jll", "FreeType2_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libuuid_jll", "Pkg", "Zlib_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "21efd19106a55620a188615da6d3d06cd7f6ee03" +uuid = "a3f928ae-7b40-5064-980b-68af3947d34b" +version = "2.13.93+0" + +[[deps.Formatting]] +deps = ["Printf"] +git-tree-sha1 = "8339d61043228fdd3eb658d86c926cb282ae72a8" +uuid = "59287772-0a20-5a39-b81b-1366585eb4c0" +version = "0.4.2" + +[[deps.FreeType2_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Bzip2_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Zlib_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "87eb71354d8ec1a96d4a7636bd57a7347dde3ef9" +uuid = "d7e528f0-a631-5988-bf34-fe36492bcfd7" +version = "2.10.4+0" + +[[deps.FriBidi_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "aa31987c2ba8704e23c6c8ba8a4f769d5d7e4f91" +uuid = "559328eb-81f9-559d-9380-de523a88c83c" +version = "1.0.10+0" + +[[deps.Future]] +deps = ["Random"] +uuid = "9fa8497b-333b-5362-9e8d-4d0656e87820" + +[[deps.GLFW_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libglvnd_jll", "Pkg", "Xorg_libXcursor_jll", "Xorg_libXi_jll", "Xorg_libXinerama_jll", "Xorg_libXrandr_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "0c603255764a1fa0b61752d2bec14cfbd18f7fe8" +uuid = "0656b61e-2033-5cc2-a64a-77c0f6c09b89" +version = "3.3.5+1" + +[[deps.GR]] +deps = ["Base64", "DelimitedFiles", "GR_jll", "HTTP", "JSON", "Libdl", "LinearAlgebra", "Pkg", "Printf", "Random", "Serialization", "Sockets", "Test", "UUIDs"] +git-tree-sha1 = "30f2b340c2fff8410d89bfcdc9c0a6dd661ac5f7" +uuid = "28b8d3ca-fb5f-59d9-8090-bfdbd6d07a71" +version = "0.62.1" + +[[deps.GR_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Bzip2_jll", "Cairo_jll", "FFMPEG_jll", "Fontconfig_jll", "GLFW_jll", "JLLWrappers", "JpegTurbo_jll", "Libdl", "Libtiff_jll", "Pixman_jll", "Pkg", "Qt5Base_jll", "Zlib_jll", "libpng_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "fd75fa3a2080109a2c0ec9864a6e14c60cca3866" +uuid = "d2c73de3-f751-5644-a686-071e5b155ba9" +version = "0.62.0+0" + +[[deps.GeometryBasics]] +deps = ["EarCut_jll", "IterTools", "LinearAlgebra", "StaticArrays", "StructArrays", "Tables"] +git-tree-sha1 = "58bcdf5ebc057b085e58d95c138725628dd7453c" +uuid = "5c1252a2-5f33-56bf-86c9-59e7332b4326" +version = "0.4.1" + +[[deps.Gettext_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "CompilerSupportLibraries_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libiconv_jll", "Pkg", "XML2_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "9b02998aba7bf074d14de89f9d37ca24a1a0b046" +uuid = "78b55507-aeef-58d4-861c-77aaff3498b1" +version = "0.21.0+0" + +[[deps.Glib_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Gettext_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libffi_jll", "Libiconv_jll", "Libmount_jll", "PCRE_jll", "Pkg", "Zlib_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "7bf67e9a481712b3dbe9cb3dac852dc4b1162e02" +uuid = "7746bdde-850d-59dc-9ae8-88ece973131d" +version = "2.68.3+0" + +[[deps.Graphite2_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "344bf40dcab1073aca04aa0df4fb092f920e4011" +uuid = "3b182d85-2403-5c21-9c21-1e1f0cc25472" +version = "1.3.14+0" + +[[deps.Grisu]] +git-tree-sha1 = "53bb909d1151e57e2484c3d1b53e19552b887fb2" +uuid = "42e2da0e-8278-4e71-bc24-59509adca0fe" +version = "1.0.2" + +[[deps.HTTP]] +deps = ["Base64", "Dates", "IniFile", "Logging", "MbedTLS", "NetworkOptions", "Sockets", "URIs"] +git-tree-sha1 = "0fa77022fe4b511826b39c894c90daf5fce3334a" +uuid = "cd3eb016-35fb-5094-929b-558a96fad6f3" +version = "0.9.17" + +[[deps.HarfBuzz_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Cairo_jll", "Fontconfig_jll", "FreeType2_jll", "Glib_jll", "Graphite2_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libffi_jll", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "8a954fed8ac097d5be04921d595f741115c1b2ad" +uuid = "2e76f6c2-a576-52d4-95c1-20adfe4de566" +version = "2.8.1+0" + +[[deps.IniFile]] +deps = ["Test"] +git-tree-sha1 = "098e4d2c533924c921f9f9847274f2ad89e018b8" +uuid = "83e8ac13-25f8-5344-8a64-a9f2b223428f" +version = "0.5.0" + +[[deps.InlineStrings]] +deps = ["Parsers"] +git-tree-sha1 = "19cb49649f8c41de7fea32d089d37de917b553da" +uuid = "842dd82b-1e85-43dc-bf29-5d0ee9dffc48" +version = "1.0.1" + +[[deps.IntelOpenMP_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "d979e54b71da82f3a65b62553da4fc3d18c9004c" +uuid = "1d5cc7b8-4909-519e-a0f8-d0f5ad9712d0" +version = "2018.0.3+2" + +[[deps.InteractiveUtils]] +deps = ["Markdown"] +uuid = "b77e0a4c-d291-57a0-90e8-8db25a27a240" + +[[deps.Interpolations]] +deps = ["AxisAlgorithms", "ChainRulesCore", "LinearAlgebra", "OffsetArrays", "Random", "Ratios", "Requires", "SharedArrays", "SparseArrays", "StaticArrays", "WoodburyMatrices"] +git-tree-sha1 = "61aa005707ea2cebf47c8d780da8dc9bc4e0c512" +uuid = "a98d9a8b-a2ab-59e6-89dd-64a1c18fca59" +version = "0.13.4" + +[[deps.InverseFunctions]] +deps = ["Test"] +git-tree-sha1 = "a7254c0acd8e62f1ac75ad24d5db43f5f19f3c65" +uuid = "3587e190-3f89-42d0-90ee-14403ec27112" +version = "0.1.2" + +[[deps.InvertedIndices]] +git-tree-sha1 = "bee5f1ef5bf65df56bdd2e40447590b272a5471f" +uuid = "41ab1584-1d38-5bbf-9106-f11c6c58b48f" +version = "1.1.0" + +[[deps.IrrationalConstants]] +git-tree-sha1 = "7fd44fd4ff43fc60815f8e764c0f352b83c49151" +uuid = "92d709cd-6900-40b7-9082-c6be49f344b6" +version = "0.1.1" + +[[deps.IterTools]] +git-tree-sha1 = "05110a2ab1fc5f932622ffea2a003221f4782c18" +uuid = "c8e1da08-722c-5040-9ed9-7db0dc04731e" +version = "1.3.0" + +[[deps.IteratorInterfaceExtensions]] +git-tree-sha1 = "a3f24677c21f5bbe9d2a714f95dcd58337fb2856" +uuid = "82899510-4779-5014-852e-03e436cf321d" +version = "1.0.0" + +[[deps.JLLWrappers]] +deps = ["Preferences"] +git-tree-sha1 = "642a199af8b68253517b80bd3bfd17eb4e84df6e" +uuid = "692b3bcd-3c85-4b1f-b108-f13ce0eb3210" +version = "1.3.0" + +[[deps.JSON]] +deps = ["Dates", "Mmap", "Parsers", "Unicode"] +git-tree-sha1 = "8076680b162ada2a031f707ac7b4953e30667a37" +uuid = "682c06a0-de6a-54ab-a142-c8b1cf79cde6" +version = "0.21.2" + +[[deps.JpegTurbo_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "d735490ac75c5cb9f1b00d8b5509c11984dc6943" +uuid = "aacddb02-875f-59d6-b918-886e6ef4fbf8" +version = "2.1.0+0" + +[[deps.KernelDensity]] +deps = ["Distributions", "DocStringExtensions", "FFTW", "Interpolations", "StatsBase"] +git-tree-sha1 = "591e8dc09ad18386189610acafb970032c519707" +uuid = "5ab0869b-81aa-558d-bb23-cbf5423bbe9b" +version = "0.6.3" + +[[deps.LAME_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "f6250b16881adf048549549fba48b1161acdac8c" +uuid = "c1c5ebd0-6772-5130-a774-d5fcae4a789d" +version = "3.100.1+0" + +[[deps.LZO_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "e5b909bcf985c5e2605737d2ce278ed791b89be6" +uuid = "dd4b983a-f0e5-5f8d-a1b7-129d4a5fb1ac" +version = "2.10.1+0" + +[[deps.LaTeXStrings]] +git-tree-sha1 = "f2355693d6778a178ade15952b7ac47a4ff97996" +uuid = "b964fa9f-0449-5b57-a5c2-d3ea65f4040f" +version = "1.3.0" + +[[deps.Latexify]] +deps = ["Formatting", "InteractiveUtils", "LaTeXStrings", "MacroTools", "Markdown", "Printf", "Requires"] +git-tree-sha1 = "a8f4f279b6fa3c3c4f1adadd78a621b13a506bce" +uuid = "23fbe1c1-3f47-55db-b15f-69d7ec21a316" +version = "0.15.9" + +[[deps.LazyArtifacts]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Pkg"] +uuid = "4af54fe1-eca0-43a8-85a7-787d91b784e3" + +[[deps.LibCURL]] +deps = ["LibCURL_jll", "MozillaCACerts_jll"] +uuid = "b27032c2-a3e7-50c8-80cd-2d36dbcbfd21" + +[[deps.LibCURL_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "LibSSH2_jll", "Libdl", "MbedTLS_jll", "Zlib_jll", "nghttp2_jll"] +uuid = "deac9b47-8bc7-5906-a0fe-35ac56dc84c0" + +[[deps.LibGit2]] +deps = ["Base64", "NetworkOptions", "Printf", "SHA"] +uuid = "76f85450-5226-5b5a-8eaa-529ad045b433" + +[[deps.LibSSH2_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl", "MbedTLS_jll"] +uuid = "29816b5a-b9ab-546f-933c-edad1886dfa8" + +[[deps.Libdl]] +uuid = "8f399da3-3557-5675-b5ff-fb832c97cbdb" + +[[deps.Libffi_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "0b4a5d71f3e5200a7dff793393e09dfc2d874290" +uuid = "e9f186c6-92d2-5b65-8a66-fee21dc1b490" +version = "3.2.2+1" + +[[deps.Libgcrypt_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libgpg_error_jll", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "64613c82a59c120435c067c2b809fc61cf5166ae" +uuid = "d4300ac3-e22c-5743-9152-c294e39db1e4" +version = "1.8.7+0" + +[[deps.Libglvnd_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libX11_jll", "Xorg_libXext_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "7739f837d6447403596a75d19ed01fd08d6f56bf" +uuid = "7e76a0d4-f3c7-5321-8279-8d96eeed0f29" +version = "1.3.0+3" + +[[deps.Libgpg_error_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "c333716e46366857753e273ce6a69ee0945a6db9" +uuid = "7add5ba3-2f88-524e-9cd5-f83b8a55f7b8" +version = "1.42.0+0" + +[[deps.Libiconv_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "42b62845d70a619f063a7da093d995ec8e15e778" +uuid = "94ce4f54-9a6c-5748-9c1c-f9c7231a4531" +version = "1.16.1+1" + +[[deps.Libmount_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "9c30530bf0effd46e15e0fdcf2b8636e78cbbd73" +uuid = "4b2f31a3-9ecc-558c-b454-b3730dcb73e9" +version = "2.35.0+0" + +[[deps.Libtiff_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "JpegTurbo_jll", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Zlib_jll", "Zstd_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "340e257aada13f95f98ee352d316c3bed37c8ab9" +uuid = "89763e89-9b03-5906-acba-b20f662cd828" +version = "4.3.0+0" + +[[deps.Libuuid_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "7f3efec06033682db852f8b3bc3c1d2b0a0ab066" +uuid = "38a345b3-de98-5d2b-a5d3-14cd9215e700" +version = "2.36.0+0" + +[[deps.LinearAlgebra]] +deps = ["Libdl", "libblastrampoline_jll"] +uuid = "37e2e46d-f89d-539d-b4ee-838fcccc9c8e" + +[[deps.LogExpFunctions]] +deps = ["ChainRulesCore", "ChangesOfVariables", "DocStringExtensions", "InverseFunctions", "IrrationalConstants", "LinearAlgebra"] +git-tree-sha1 = "be9eef9f9d78cecb6f262f3c10da151a6c5ab827" +uuid = "2ab3a3ac-af41-5b50-aa03-7779005ae688" +version = "0.3.5" + +[[deps.Logging]] +uuid = "56ddb016-857b-54e1-b83d-db4d58db5568" + +[[deps.MKL_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "IntelOpenMP_jll", "JLLWrappers", "LazyArtifacts", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "5455aef09b40e5020e1520f551fa3135040d4ed0" +uuid = "856f044c-d86e-5d09-b602-aeab76dc8ba7" +version = "2021.1.1+2" + +[[deps.MacroTools]] +deps = ["Markdown", "Random"] +git-tree-sha1 = "3d3e902b31198a27340d0bf00d6ac452866021cf" +uuid = "1914dd2f-81c6-5fcd-8719-6d5c9610ff09" +version = "0.5.9" + +[[deps.Markdown]] +deps = ["Base64"] +uuid = "d6f4376e-aef5-505a-96c1-9c027394607a" + +[[deps.MbedTLS]] +deps = ["Dates", "MbedTLS_jll", "Random", "Sockets"] +git-tree-sha1 = "1c38e51c3d08ef2278062ebceade0e46cefc96fe" +uuid = "739be429-bea8-5141-9913-cc70e7f3736d" +version = "1.0.3" + +[[deps.MbedTLS_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl"] +uuid = "c8ffd9c3-330d-5841-b78e-0817d7145fa1" + +[[deps.Measures]] +git-tree-sha1 = "e498ddeee6f9fdb4551ce855a46f54dbd900245f" +uuid = "442fdcdd-2543-5da2-b0f3-8c86c306513e" +version = "0.3.1" + +[[deps.Missings]] +deps = ["DataAPI"] +git-tree-sha1 = "bf210ce90b6c9eed32d25dbcae1ebc565df2687f" +uuid = "e1d29d7a-bbdc-5cf2-9ac0-f12de2c33e28" +version = "1.0.2" + +[[deps.Mmap]] +uuid = "a63ad114-7e13-5084-954f-fe012c677804" + +[[deps.MozillaCACerts_jll]] +uuid = "14a3606d-f60d-562e-9121-12d972cd8159" + +[[deps.MultivariateStats]] +deps = ["Arpack", "LinearAlgebra", "SparseArrays", "Statistics", "StatsBase"] +git-tree-sha1 = "8d958ff1854b166003238fe191ec34b9d592860a" +uuid = "6f286f6a-111f-5878-ab1e-185364afe411" +version = "0.8.0" + +[[deps.NaNMath]] +git-tree-sha1 = "bfe47e760d60b82b66b61d2d44128b62e3a369fb" +uuid = "77ba4419-2d1f-58cd-9bb1-8ffee604a2e3" +version = "0.3.5" + +[[deps.NearestNeighbors]] +deps = ["Distances", "StaticArrays"] +git-tree-sha1 = "16baacfdc8758bc374882566c9187e785e85c2f0" +uuid = "b8a86587-4115-5ab1-83bc-aa920d37bbce" +version = "0.4.9" + +[[deps.NetworkOptions]] +uuid = "ca575930-c2e3-43a9-ace4-1e988b2c1908" + +[[deps.Observables]] +git-tree-sha1 = "fe29afdef3d0c4a8286128d4e45cc50621b1e43d" +uuid = "510215fc-4207-5dde-b226-833fc4488ee2" +version = "0.4.0" + +[[deps.OffsetArrays]] +deps = ["Adapt"] +git-tree-sha1 = "043017e0bdeff61cfbb7afeb558ab29536bbb5ed" +uuid = "6fe1bfb0-de20-5000-8ca7-80f57d26f881" +version = "1.10.8" + +[[deps.Ogg_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "7937eda4681660b4d6aeeecc2f7e1c81c8ee4e2f" +uuid = "e7412a2a-1a6e-54c0-be00-318e2571c051" +version = "1.3.5+0" + +[[deps.OpenBLAS_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "CompilerSupportLibraries_jll", "Libdl"] +uuid = "4536629a-c528-5b80-bd46-f80d51c5b363" + +[[deps.OpenLibm_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl"] +uuid = "05823500-19ac-5b8b-9628-191a04bc5112" + +[[deps.OpenSSL_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "15003dcb7d8db3c6c857fda14891a539a8f2705a" +uuid = "458c3c95-2e84-50aa-8efc-19380b2a3a95" +version = "1.1.10+0" + +[[deps.OpenSpecFun_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "CompilerSupportLibraries_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "13652491f6856acfd2db29360e1bbcd4565d04f1" +uuid = "efe28fd5-8261-553b-a9e1-b2916fc3738e" +version = "0.5.5+0" + +[[deps.Opus_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "51a08fb14ec28da2ec7a927c4337e4332c2a4720" +uuid = "91d4177d-7536-5919-b921-800302f37372" +version = "1.3.2+0" + +[[deps.OrderedCollections]] +git-tree-sha1 = "85f8e6578bf1f9ee0d11e7bb1b1456435479d47c" +uuid = "bac558e1-5e72-5ebc-8fee-abe8a469f55d" +version = "1.4.1" + +[[deps.PCRE_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "b2a7af664e098055a7529ad1a900ded962bca488" +uuid = "2f80f16e-611a-54ab-bc61-aa92de5b98fc" +version = "8.44.0+0" + +[[deps.PDMats]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "SparseArrays", "SuiteSparse"] +git-tree-sha1 = "ee26b350276c51697c9c2d88a072b339f9f03d73" +uuid = "90014a1f-27ba-587c-ab20-58faa44d9150" +version = "0.11.5" + +[[deps.Parsers]] +deps = ["Dates"] +git-tree-sha1 = "ae4bbcadb2906ccc085cf52ac286dc1377dceccc" +uuid = "69de0a69-1ddd-5017-9359-2bf0b02dc9f0" +version = "2.1.2" + +[[deps.Pixman_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "b4f5d02549a10e20780a24fce72bea96b6329e29" +uuid = "30392449-352a-5448-841d-b1acce4e97dc" +version = "0.40.1+0" + +[[deps.Pkg]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Dates", "Downloads", "LibGit2", "Libdl", "Logging", "Markdown", "Printf", "REPL", "Random", "SHA", "Serialization", "TOML", "Tar", "UUIDs", "p7zip_jll"] +uuid = "44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f" + +[[deps.PlotThemes]] +deps = ["PlotUtils", "Requires", "Statistics"] +git-tree-sha1 = "a3a964ce9dc7898193536002a6dd892b1b5a6f1d" +uuid = "ccf2f8ad-2431-5c83-bf29-c5338b663b6a" +version = "2.0.1" + +[[deps.PlotUtils]] +deps = ["ColorSchemes", "Colors", "Dates", "Printf", "Random", "Reexport", "Statistics"] +git-tree-sha1 = "b084324b4af5a438cd63619fd006614b3b20b87b" +uuid = "995b91a9-d308-5afd-9ec6-746e21dbc043" +version = "1.0.15" + +[[deps.Plots]] +deps = ["Base64", "Contour", "Dates", "Downloads", "FFMPEG", "FixedPointNumbers", "GR", "GeometryBasics", "JSON", "Latexify", "LinearAlgebra", "Measures", "NaNMath", "PlotThemes", "PlotUtils", "Printf", "REPL", "Random", "RecipesBase", "RecipesPipeline", "Reexport", "Requires", "Scratch", "Showoff", "SparseArrays", "Statistics", "StatsBase", "UUIDs", "UnicodeFun"] +git-tree-sha1 = "93f484f18848234ac2c1387c7e5263f840cdafe3" +uuid = "91a5bcdd-55d7-5caf-9e0b-520d859cae80" +version = "1.24.2" + +[[deps.PooledArrays]] +deps = ["DataAPI", "Future"] +git-tree-sha1 = "db3a23166af8aebf4db5ef87ac5b00d36eb771e2" +uuid = "2dfb63ee-cc39-5dd5-95bd-886bf059d720" +version = "1.4.0" + +[[deps.Preferences]] +deps = ["TOML"] +git-tree-sha1 = "00cfd92944ca9c760982747e9a1d0d5d86ab1e5a" +uuid = "21216c6a-2e73-6563-6e65-726566657250" +version = "1.2.2" + +[[deps.PrettyTables]] +deps = ["Crayons", "Formatting", "Markdown", "Reexport", "Tables"] +git-tree-sha1 = "d940010be611ee9d67064fe559edbb305f8cc0eb" +uuid = "08abe8d2-0d0c-5749-adfa-8a2ac140af0d" +version = "1.2.3" + +[[deps.Printf]] +deps = ["Unicode"] +uuid = "de0858da-6303-5e67-8744-51eddeeeb8d7" + +[[deps.Qt5Base_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "CompilerSupportLibraries_jll", "Fontconfig_jll", "Glib_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libglvnd_jll", "OpenSSL_jll", "Pkg", "Xorg_libXext_jll", "Xorg_libxcb_jll", "Xorg_xcb_util_image_jll", "Xorg_xcb_util_keysyms_jll", "Xorg_xcb_util_renderutil_jll", "Xorg_xcb_util_wm_jll", "Zlib_jll", "xkbcommon_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "ad368663a5e20dbb8d6dc2fddeefe4dae0781ae8" +uuid = "ea2cea3b-5b76-57ae-a6ef-0a8af62496e1" +version = "5.15.3+0" + +[[deps.QuadGK]] +deps = ["DataStructures", "LinearAlgebra"] +git-tree-sha1 = "78aadffb3efd2155af139781b8a8df1ef279ea39" +uuid = "1fd47b50-473d-5c70-9696-f719f8f3bcdc" +version = "2.4.2" + +[[deps.REPL]] +deps = ["InteractiveUtils", "Markdown", "Sockets", "Unicode"] +uuid = "3fa0cd96-eef1-5676-8a61-b3b8758bbffb" + +[[deps.Random]] +deps = ["Serialization"] +uuid = "9a3f8284-a2c9-5f02-9a11-845980a1fd5c" + +[[deps.Ratios]] +deps = ["Requires"] +git-tree-sha1 = "01d341f502250e81f6fec0afe662aa861392a3aa" +uuid = "c84ed2f1-dad5-54f0-aa8e-dbefe2724439" +version = "0.4.2" + +[[deps.RecipesBase]] +git-tree-sha1 = "6bf3f380ff52ce0832ddd3a2a7b9538ed1bcca7d" +uuid = "3cdcf5f2-1ef4-517c-9805-6587b60abb01" +version = "1.2.1" + +[[deps.RecipesPipeline]] +deps = ["Dates", "NaNMath", "PlotUtils", "RecipesBase"] +git-tree-sha1 = "7ad0dfa8d03b7bcf8c597f59f5292801730c55b8" +uuid = "01d81517-befc-4cb6-b9ec-a95719d0359c" +version = "0.4.1" + +[[deps.Reexport]] +git-tree-sha1 = "45e428421666073eab6f2da5c9d310d99bb12f9b" +uuid = "189a3867-3050-52da-a836-e630ba90ab69" +version = "1.2.2" + +[[deps.Requires]] +deps = ["UUIDs"] +git-tree-sha1 = "4036a3bd08ac7e968e27c203d45f5fff15020621" +uuid = "ae029012-a4dd-5104-9daa-d747884805df" +version = "1.1.3" + +[[deps.Rmath]] +deps = ["Random", "Rmath_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "bf3188feca147ce108c76ad82c2792c57abe7b1f" +uuid = "79098fc4-a85e-5d69-aa6a-4863f24498fa" +version = "0.7.0" + +[[deps.Rmath_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "68db32dff12bb6127bac73c209881191bf0efbb7" +uuid = "f50d1b31-88e8-58de-be2c-1cc44531875f" +version = "0.3.0+0" + +[[deps.SHA]] +uuid = "ea8e919c-243c-51af-8825-aaa63cd721ce" + +[[deps.Scratch]] +deps = ["Dates"] +git-tree-sha1 = "0b4b7f1393cff97c33891da2a0bf69c6ed241fda" +uuid = "6c6a2e73-6563-6170-7368-637461726353" +version = "1.1.0" + +[[deps.SentinelArrays]] +deps = ["Dates", "Random"] +git-tree-sha1 = "f45b34656397a1f6e729901dc9ef679610bd12b5" +uuid = "91c51154-3ec4-41a3-a24f-3f23e20d615c" +version = "1.3.8" + +[[deps.Serialization]] +uuid = "9e88b42a-f829-5b0c-bbe9-9e923198166b" + +[[deps.SharedArrays]] +deps = ["Distributed", "Mmap", "Random", "Serialization"] +uuid = "1a1011a3-84de-559e-8e89-a11a2f7dc383" + +[[deps.Showoff]] +deps = ["Dates", "Grisu"] +git-tree-sha1 = "91eddf657aca81df9ae6ceb20b959ae5653ad1de" +uuid = "992d4aef-0814-514b-bc4d-f2e9a6c4116f" +version = "1.0.3" + +[[deps.Sockets]] +uuid = "6462fe0b-24de-5631-8697-dd941f90decc" + +[[deps.SortingAlgorithms]] +deps = ["DataStructures"] +git-tree-sha1 = "b3363d7460f7d098ca0912c69b082f75625d7508" +uuid = "a2af1166-a08f-5f64-846c-94a0d3cef48c" +version = "1.0.1" + +[[deps.SparseArrays]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "Random"] +uuid = "2f01184e-e22b-5df5-ae63-d93ebab69eaf" + +[[deps.SpecialFunctions]] +deps = ["ChainRulesCore", "IrrationalConstants", "LogExpFunctions", "OpenLibm_jll", "OpenSpecFun_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "f0bccf98e16759818ffc5d97ac3ebf87eb950150" +uuid = "276daf66-3868-5448-9aa4-cd146d93841b" +version = "1.8.1" + +[[deps.StaticArrays]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "Random", "Statistics"] +git-tree-sha1 = "3c76dde64d03699e074ac02eb2e8ba8254d428da" +uuid = "90137ffa-7385-5640-81b9-e52037218182" +version = "1.2.13" + +[[deps.Statistics]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "SparseArrays"] +uuid = "10745b16-79ce-11e8-11f9-7d13ad32a3b2" + +[[deps.StatsAPI]] +git-tree-sha1 = "0f2aa8e32d511f758a2ce49208181f7733a0936a" +uuid = "82ae8749-77ed-4fe6-ae5f-f523153014b0" +version = "1.1.0" + +[[deps.StatsBase]] +deps = ["DataAPI", "DataStructures", "LinearAlgebra", "LogExpFunctions", "Missings", "Printf", "Random", "SortingAlgorithms", "SparseArrays", "Statistics", "StatsAPI"] +git-tree-sha1 = "2bb0cb32026a66037360606510fca5984ccc6b75" +uuid = "2913bbd2-ae8a-5f71-8c99-4fb6c76f3a91" +version = "0.33.13" + +[[deps.StatsFuns]] +deps = ["ChainRulesCore", "InverseFunctions", "IrrationalConstants", "LogExpFunctions", "Reexport", "Rmath", "SpecialFunctions"] +git-tree-sha1 = "bedb3e17cc1d94ce0e6e66d3afa47157978ba404" +uuid = "4c63d2b9-4356-54db-8cca-17b64c39e42c" +version = "0.9.14" + +[[deps.StatsPlots]] +deps = ["Clustering", "DataStructures", "DataValues", "Distributions", "Interpolations", "KernelDensity", "LinearAlgebra", "MultivariateStats", "Observables", "Plots", "RecipesBase", "RecipesPipeline", "Reexport", "StatsBase", "TableOperations", "Tables", "Widgets"] +git-tree-sha1 = "d6956cefe3766a8eb5caae9226118bb0ac61c8ac" +uuid = "f3b207a7-027a-5e70-b257-86293d7955fd" +version = "0.14.29" + +[[deps.StringViews]] +git-tree-sha1 = "8f09e9ecb11404b8543fef1e404a549650e8a8af" +uuid = "354b36f9-a18e-4713-926e-db85100087ba" +version = "1.0.0" + +[[deps.StructArrays]] +deps = ["Adapt", "DataAPI", "StaticArrays", "Tables"] +git-tree-sha1 = "2ce41e0d042c60ecd131e9fb7154a3bfadbf50d3" +uuid = "09ab397b-f2b6-538f-b94a-2f83cf4a842a" +version = "0.6.3" + +[[deps.SuiteSparse]] +deps = ["Libdl", "LinearAlgebra", "Serialization", "SparseArrays"] +uuid = "4607b0f0-06f3-5cda-b6b1-a6196a1729e9" + +[[deps.TOML]] +deps = ["Dates"] +uuid = "fa267f1f-6049-4f14-aa54-33bafae1ed76" + +[[deps.TableOperations]] +deps = ["SentinelArrays", "Tables", "Test"] +git-tree-sha1 = "e383c87cf2a1dc41fa30c093b2a19877c83e1bc1" +uuid = "ab02a1b2-a7df-11e8-156e-fb1833f50b87" +version = "1.2.0" + +[[deps.TableTraits]] +deps = ["IteratorInterfaceExtensions"] +git-tree-sha1 = "c06b2f539df1c6efa794486abfb6ed2022561a39" +uuid = "3783bdb8-4a98-5b6b-af9a-565f29a5fe9c" +version = "1.0.1" + +[[deps.Tables]] +deps = ["DataAPI", "DataValueInterfaces", "IteratorInterfaceExtensions", "LinearAlgebra", "TableTraits", "Test"] +git-tree-sha1 = "fed34d0e71b91734bf0a7e10eb1bb05296ddbcd0" +uuid = "bd369af6-aec1-5ad0-b16a-f7cc5008161c" +version = "1.6.0" + +[[deps.Tar]] +deps = ["ArgTools", "SHA"] +uuid = "a4e569a6-e804-4fa4-b0f3-eef7a1d5b13e" + +[[deps.Test]] +deps = ["InteractiveUtils", "Logging", "Random", "Serialization"] +uuid = "8dfed614-e22c-5e08-85e1-65c5234f0b40" + +[[deps.TranscodingStreams]] +deps = ["Random", "Test"] +git-tree-sha1 = "216b95ea110b5972db65aa90f88d8d89dcb8851c" +uuid = "3bb67fe8-82b1-5028-8e26-92a6c54297fa" +version = "0.9.6" + +[[deps.URIs]] +git-tree-sha1 = "97bbe755a53fe859669cd907f2d96aee8d2c1355" +uuid = "5c2747f8-b7ea-4ff2-ba2e-563bfd36b1d4" +version = "1.3.0" + +[[deps.UUIDs]] +deps = ["Random", "SHA"] +uuid = "cf7118a7-6976-5b1a-9a39-7adc72f591a4" + +[[deps.Unicode]] +uuid = "4ec0a83e-493e-50e2-b9ac-8f72acf5a8f5" + +[[deps.UnicodeFun]] +deps = ["REPL"] +git-tree-sha1 = "53915e50200959667e78a92a418594b428dffddf" +uuid = "1cfade01-22cf-5700-b092-accc4b62d6e1" +version = "0.4.1" + +[[deps.Wayland_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Expat_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libffi_jll", "Pkg", "XML2_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "3e61f0b86f90dacb0bc0e73a0c5a83f6a8636e23" +uuid = "a2964d1f-97da-50d4-b82a-358c7fce9d89" +version = "1.19.0+0" + +[[deps.Wayland_protocols_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "66d72dc6fcc86352f01676e8f0f698562e60510f" +uuid = "2381bf8a-dfd0-557d-9999-79630e7b1b91" +version = "1.23.0+0" + +[[deps.WeakRefStrings]] +deps = ["DataAPI", "InlineStrings", "Parsers"] +git-tree-sha1 = "c69f9da3ff2f4f02e811c3323c22e5dfcb584cfa" +uuid = "ea10d353-3f73-51f8-a26c-33c1cb351aa5" +version = "1.4.1" + +[[deps.Widgets]] +deps = ["Colors", "Dates", "Observables", "OrderedCollections"] +git-tree-sha1 = "80661f59d28714632132c73779f8becc19a113f2" +uuid = "cc8bc4a8-27d6-5769-a93b-9d913e69aa62" +version = "0.6.4" + +[[deps.WoodburyMatrices]] +deps = ["LinearAlgebra", "SparseArrays"] +git-tree-sha1 = "de67fa59e33ad156a590055375a30b23c40299d3" +uuid = "efce3f68-66dc-5838-9240-27a6d6f5f9b6" +version = "0.5.5" + +[[deps.XML2_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libiconv_jll", "Pkg", "Zlib_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "1acf5bdf07aa0907e0a37d3718bb88d4b687b74a" +uuid = "02c8fc9c-b97f-50b9-bbe4-9be30ff0a78a" +version = "2.9.12+0" + +[[deps.XSLT_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Libgcrypt_jll", "Libgpg_error_jll", "Libiconv_jll", "Pkg", "XML2_jll", "Zlib_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "91844873c4085240b95e795f692c4cec4d805f8a" +uuid = "aed1982a-8fda-507f-9586-7b0439959a61" +version = "1.1.34+0" + +[[deps.Xorg_libX11_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libxcb_jll", "Xorg_xtrans_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "5be649d550f3f4b95308bf0183b82e2582876527" +uuid = "4f6342f7-b3d2-589e-9d20-edeb45f2b2bc" +version = "1.6.9+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXau_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "4e490d5c960c314f33885790ed410ff3a94ce67e" +uuid = "0c0b7dd1-d40b-584c-a123-a41640f87eec" +version = "1.0.9+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXcursor_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libXfixes_jll", "Xorg_libXrender_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "12e0eb3bc634fa2080c1c37fccf56f7c22989afd" +uuid = "935fb764-8cf2-53bf-bb30-45bb1f8bf724" +version = "1.2.0+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXdmcp_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "4fe47bd2247248125c428978740e18a681372dd4" +uuid = "a3789734-cfe1-5b06-b2d0-1dd0d9d62d05" +version = "1.1.3+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXext_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libX11_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "b7c0aa8c376b31e4852b360222848637f481f8c3" +uuid = "1082639a-0dae-5f34-9b06-72781eeb8cb3" +version = "1.3.4+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXfixes_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libX11_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "0e0dc7431e7a0587559f9294aeec269471c991a4" +uuid = "d091e8ba-531a-589c-9de9-94069b037ed8" +version = "5.0.3+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXi_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libXext_jll", "Xorg_libXfixes_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "89b52bc2160aadc84d707093930ef0bffa641246" +uuid = "a51aa0fd-4e3c-5386-b890-e753decda492" +version = "1.7.10+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXinerama_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libXext_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "26be8b1c342929259317d8b9f7b53bf2bb73b123" +uuid = "d1454406-59df-5ea1-beac-c340f2130bc3" +version = "1.1.4+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXrandr_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libXext_jll", "Xorg_libXrender_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "34cea83cb726fb58f325887bf0612c6b3fb17631" +uuid = "ec84b674-ba8e-5d96-8ba1-2a689ba10484" +version = "1.5.2+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libXrender_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libX11_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "19560f30fd49f4d4efbe7002a1037f8c43d43b96" +uuid = "ea2f1a96-1ddc-540d-b46f-429655e07cfa" +version = "0.9.10+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_libpthread_stubs_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "6783737e45d3c59a4a4c4091f5f88cdcf0908cbb" +uuid = "14d82f49-176c-5ed1-bb49-ad3f5cbd8c74" +version = "0.1.0+3" + +[[deps.Xorg_libxcb_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "XSLT_jll", "Xorg_libXau_jll", "Xorg_libXdmcp_jll", "Xorg_libpthread_stubs_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "daf17f441228e7a3833846cd048892861cff16d6" +uuid = "c7cfdc94-dc32-55de-ac96-5a1b8d977c5b" +version = "1.13.0+3" + +[[deps.Xorg_libxkbfile_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libX11_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "926af861744212db0eb001d9e40b5d16292080b2" +uuid = "cc61e674-0454-545c-8b26-ed2c68acab7a" +version = "1.1.0+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_xcb_util_image_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_xcb_util_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "0fab0a40349ba1cba2c1da699243396ff8e94b97" +uuid = "12413925-8142-5f55-bb0e-6d7ca50bb09b" +version = "0.4.0+1" + +[[deps.Xorg_xcb_util_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libxcb_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "e7fd7b2881fa2eaa72717420894d3938177862d1" +uuid = "2def613f-5ad1-5310-b15b-b15d46f528f5" +version = "0.4.0+1" + +[[deps.Xorg_xcb_util_keysyms_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_xcb_util_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "d1151e2c45a544f32441a567d1690e701ec89b00" +uuid = "975044d2-76e6-5fbe-bf08-97ce7c6574c7" +version = "0.4.0+1" + +[[deps.Xorg_xcb_util_renderutil_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_xcb_util_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "dfd7a8f38d4613b6a575253b3174dd991ca6183e" +uuid = "0d47668e-0667-5a69-a72c-f761630bfb7e" +version = "0.3.9+1" + +[[deps.Xorg_xcb_util_wm_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_xcb_util_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "e78d10aab01a4a154142c5006ed44fd9e8e31b67" +uuid = "c22f9ab0-d5fe-5066-847c-f4bb1cd4e361" +version = "0.4.1+1" + +[[deps.Xorg_xkbcomp_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_libxkbfile_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "4bcbf660f6c2e714f87e960a171b119d06ee163b" +uuid = "35661453-b289-5fab-8a00-3d9160c6a3a4" +version = "1.4.2+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_xkeyboard_config_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Xorg_xkbcomp_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "5c8424f8a67c3f2209646d4425f3d415fee5931d" +uuid = "33bec58e-1273-512f-9401-5d533626f822" +version = "2.27.0+4" + +[[deps.Xorg_xtrans_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "79c31e7844f6ecf779705fbc12146eb190b7d845" +uuid = "c5fb5394-a638-5e4d-96e5-b29de1b5cf10" +version = "1.4.0+3" + +[[deps.Zlib_jll]] +deps = ["Libdl"] +uuid = "83775a58-1f1d-513f-b197-d71354ab007a" + +[[deps.Zstd_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "cc4bf3fdde8b7e3e9fa0351bdeedba1cf3b7f6e6" +uuid = "3161d3a3-bdf6-5164-811a-617609db77b4" +version = "1.5.0+0" + +[[deps.libass_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Bzip2_jll", "FreeType2_jll", "FriBidi_jll", "HarfBuzz_jll", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Zlib_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "5982a94fcba20f02f42ace44b9894ee2b140fe47" +uuid = "0ac62f75-1d6f-5e53-bd7c-93b484bb37c0" +version = "0.15.1+0" + +[[deps.libblastrampoline_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl", "OpenBLAS_jll"] +uuid = "8e850b90-86db-534c-a0d3-1478176c7d93" + +[[deps.libfdk_aac_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "daacc84a041563f965be61859a36e17c4e4fcd55" +uuid = "f638f0a6-7fb0-5443-88ba-1cc74229b280" +version = "2.0.2+0" + +[[deps.libpng_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Zlib_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "94d180a6d2b5e55e447e2d27a29ed04fe79eb30c" +uuid = "b53b4c65-9356-5827-b1ea-8c7a1a84506f" +version = "1.6.38+0" + +[[deps.libvorbis_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Ogg_jll", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "c45f4e40e7aafe9d086379e5578947ec8b95a8fb" +uuid = "f27f6e37-5d2b-51aa-960f-b287f2bc3b7a" +version = "1.3.7+0" + +[[deps.nghttp2_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl"] +uuid = "8e850ede-7688-5339-a07c-302acd2aaf8d" + +[[deps.p7zip_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl"] +uuid = "3f19e933-33d8-53b3-aaab-bd5110c3b7a0" + +[[deps.x264_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "4fea590b89e6ec504593146bf8b988b2c00922b2" +uuid = "1270edf5-f2f9-52d2-97e9-ab00b5d0237a" +version = "2021.5.5+0" + +[[deps.x265_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg"] +git-tree-sha1 = "ee567a171cce03570d77ad3a43e90218e38937a9" +uuid = "dfaa095f-4041-5dcd-9319-2fabd8486b76" +version = "3.5.0+0" + +[[deps.xkbcommon_jll]] +deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl", "Pkg", "Wayland_jll", "Wayland_protocols_jll", "Xorg_libxcb_jll", "Xorg_xkeyboard_config_jll"] +git-tree-sha1 = "ece2350174195bb31de1a63bea3a41ae1aa593b6" +uuid = "d8fb68d0-12a3-5cfd-a85a-d49703b185fd" +version = "0.9.1+5" diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/Project.toml b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/Project.toml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..339a542 --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/Project.toml @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +[deps] +CSV = "336ed68f-0bac-5ca0-87d4-7b16caf5d00b" +Colors = "5ae59095-9a9b-59fe-a467-6f913c188581" +DataFrames = "a93c6f00-e57d-5684-b7b6-d8193f3e46c0" +JSON = "682c06a0-de6a-54ab-a142-c8b1cf79cde6" +Plots = "91a5bcdd-55d7-5caf-9e0b-520d859cae80" +StatsPlots = "f3b207a7-027a-5e70-b257-86293d7955fd" +StringViews = "354b36f9-a18e-4713-926e-db85100087ba" diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/caps.svg b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/caps.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..584b541 --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/caps.svg @@ -0,0 +1,264 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/citations.bib b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/citations.bib new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a415408 --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/citations.bib @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + +@misc{BTC_ECI, + title = {Bitcoin {{Energy Consumption}}}, + annotation = {Abstract Note: The Bitcoin Energy Consumption Index provides the latest estimate of the total energy consumption of the Bitcoin network.} +} + +@misc{CanadianVelociraptor_2018, + title = {The Entire {{Nano}} Network Is so Efficient That, Operating at 7000tps, It Can Be Powered by a Single Wind Turbine.}, + author = {{CanadianVelociraptor}}, + year = {2018}, + month = feb +} + +@misc{CoinbaseHowSend, + title = {Coinbase - {{How}} to Send Crypto}, + abstract = {Learn how to send crypto to another wallet \textemdash{} to a friend, family member, or store.}, + howpublished = {https://www.coinbase.com/learn/tips-and-tutorials/how-to-send-crypto}, + langid = {english}, + file = {C\:\\Users\\anson\\Zotero\\storage\\UM9W87NV\\how-to-send-crypto.html} +} + +@misc{coingecko, + title = {{{CoinGecko}}}, + abstract = {CoinGecko provides a fundamental analysis of the crypto market. In addition to tracking price, volume and market capitalisation, CoinGecko tracks community growth, open-source code development, major events and on-chain metrics.} +} + +@misc{cryptonomist_xrp, + title = {Who {{Owns}} the {{Most XRP}}}, + year = {2020}, + month = jan, + annotation = {Abstract Note: This is how Ripple ownership is distributed} +} + +@misc{harperNanoNetworkFlooded2021, + title = {Nano's {{Network Flooded With Spam}}, {{Nodes Out}} of {{Sync}}}, + author = {Harper, Colin}, + year = {2021}, + month = mar, + abstract = {Developers encouraged node operators to throttle their bandwidth in response. They had to make it worse before it could get better.}, + chapter = {Tech}, + howpublished = {https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2021/03/11/nanos-network-flooded-with-spam-nodes-out-of-sync/}, + langid = {english}, + file = {C\:\\Users\\anson\\Zotero\\storage\\JFG5PHT8\\nanos-network-flooded-with-spam-nodes-out-of-sync.html} +} + +@misc{Jain_2021, + title = {Ripple `Guilty of Fraud,' but Not Securities Law Violations: {{Messari}}'s {{Selkis}}}, + author = {Jain, Anjali}, + year = {2021}, + month = nov, + annotation = {Abstract Note: Ripple Labs has been fighting the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in an ugly court battle for almost a year now. And yet, still, there is no respite in sight. When the blockchain firm was first accused by the watchdog of violating securities laws, many in the crypto-community came out to support Ripple. [\ldots ]} +} + +@article{kraken_deposit, + title = {Kraken}, + year = {2021}, + month = oct, + publisher = {{Kraken}}, + annotation = {Abstract Note: For security reasons, we require cryptocurrency deposits to receive a number of confirmations on its blockchain before the funds can be credited to your account.} +} + +@article{LeMahieu, + title = {Nano: {{A}} Feeless Distributed Cryptocurrency Network}, + author = {LeMahieu, Colin}, + publisher = {{nano.org}}, + annotation = {Abstract Note: Recently, high demand and limited scalability have increased the average transaction times and fees in popular cryptocurrencies, yielding an unsatisfactory experience. Here we introduce Nano, a cryptocurrency with a novel block-lattice architecture where each account has its own blockchain, delivering near instantaneous transaction speed and unlimited scalability. Each user has their own blockchain, allowing them to update it asynchronously to the rest of the network, resulting in fast transactions with minimal overhead. Transactions keep track of account balances rather than transaction amounts, allowing aggressive database pruning without compromising security. To date, the Nano network has processed 4.2 million transactions with an unpruned ledger size of only 1.7GB. Nano's feeless, split-second transactions make it the premier cryptocurrency for consumer transactions.} +} + +@misc{nano, + title = {Nano Is a Digital Currency for Everyone, without Fees.}, + abstract = {Nano is a new currency that happens to be digital. Just like the cash in your pocket, choosing to transact with nano ensures that 100\% of the value is transferred directly to the recipient. Created to facilitate both local and international payments, choosing to use nano makes moving money across borders effortless and feeless.} +} + +@misc{NLReps, + title = {{{NanoLooker}} Representatives}, + abstract = {Explore the nano crypto currency blockchain.} +} + +@misc{ripple, + title = {Ripple | Global Instant Payments}, + abstract = {Efficiently Move Money to all Corners of the world} +} + +@article{Shiba, + title = {Shiba Inu Ecosystem}, + publisher = {{Shiba Inu}} +} + +@misc{Srinivasan_2017, + title = {Quantifying Decentralization}, + author = {Srinivasan, Balaji S.}, + year = {2017}, + month = oct, + publisher = {{Earn.com}}, + annotation = {Abstract Note: We must be able to measure blockchain decentralization before we can improve it.} +} + + diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/fast.svg b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/fast.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a71e4a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/fast.svg @@ -0,0 +1,328 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.Rmd b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.Rmd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..365593c --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.Rmd @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +--- +title: "Notes on Nano" +description: | + Nano (Ӿ) is a fast, feeless and severely underrated currency. +author: + - name: Anson Biggs + url: https://ansonbiggs.com +date: 12-08-2021 +output: + distill::distill_article: + self_contained: false +categories: + - Cryptocurrency + - Notes +bibliography: citations.bib +creative_commons: CC BY +--- + +# The Current State of Crypto + +In 2021 news about cryptocurrency has been dominated by _meme coins_. It is without a doubt that the crypto 2021 bull runs of 2021 have been thanks to the hype around coins with zero utility besides the ability to rapidly shoot up in value due to carefully constructed tokenomics^[@Shiba]. Unfortunately, the hype surrounding coins with actual utility has been disappointingly low in 2021. + +The current narrative of the most influential coins is that bitcoin will change financial infrastructure and keep governments from taking our freedom. Ethereum will be the backbone for everything from the internet, to art, to the mortgage on your house. The rest of the top 10 (and most of the top 100) coins by market cap are either smart-contract platforms with little community gunning for Ethereum's spot or meme coins promising valuations that challenge the wealth of the economy of the world. + +# Return of the Utility + +The coin I want to talk about is Nano (XNO). As of writing, it is ranked #175 by market capitalization. Nano does one thing and executes it perfectly: being a currency. The current market capitalization is far lower than other coins with similar amounts of development and community. Ethereum has a vibrant ecosystem where usage causes more usage. [The figure here illustrates this nicely.](https://twitter.com/domothy/status/1462988092848156677/photo/1) The only way to increase demand for Nano and increase the price is to get it used for everyday transactions which would make the limited supply more scarce. Currencies have so much more to offer the world than just stores of value that can shoot up in price, and I think Nano is the perfect example of that. A coin of pure utility. + +![Data from [@kraken_deposit] and [@coingecko]](caps.svg) + +Transactions must happen in seconds for a currency to be usable. Above are all the coins listed on Kraken, along with their confirmation time. Confirmation time is the amount of time Kraken recommends waiting before a transaction can be trusted not to be reversed on the blockchain. Kraken's times are conservative, but I believe them to be a trusted authority on the topic. It's important to note that most of the coins on this list are not designed with buying coffee in mind, but I think the comparison is still relevant since it is commonly believed that the only thing holding Bitcoin and its derivatives back from being used everywhere is hitting a critical mass of adoption among retail. Bitcoin is making progress, but Bitcoin today is far from being used as a currency. + +![Data from [@coingecko]](fast.svg) + +Above are all of the coins capable of settling in less than 1 second, which is about on par with a credit card. I also believe that confirming in less than a second is a benchmark that must be hit to be useful for everyday transactions. Solana stands out the most since it is the only smart contract platform on the list and has the highest market cap. Solana has a ton of potential, but I don't believe that a coin with a smart-contract platform can compete long-term with a coin specifically designed to be a currency. The DeFi and Parachain coins are more governance tokens than actual cryptocurrencies, so they aren't designed with the scale required for use as a currency. That leaves Ripple and Nano, which have wildly different market caps. Ripple is quite controversial since it is centralized to the point that I would argue it's closer to Visa than Bitcoin^[@Jain_2021]. I believe a fraudulent organization runs Ripple, so I don't want to justify it by talking about it too much here. However, it would be biased not to compare the performance and tokenomics since they are the only two serious projects with the goal to become a currency. + +:::l-body-outset +| | Nano^[@nano] | Ripple^[@ripple] | +| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | +| Ticker | XNO | XRP | +| Symbol | Ӿ | N/A | +| Market Cap^[@coingecko] | .650B | 46B | +| Transaction Speed | <1 second | 3+ seconds | +| Transaction Fee | 0 | 0.00001 XRP^[Subject to change at any moment.] | +| Minimum Nakamoto Coefficient^[@Srinivasan_2017] | 10^[@NLReps] | 1 | +| Supply | All coins minted, no mechanism to remove coins from network. | All coins minted, transactions reduce overall supply. | +| Foundation Ownership | Ӿ7 million Developer Fund | Ripple foundation and the founder own well over half of all the coins.^[cryptonomist_xrp] | +| Initial Distribution | Faucets | Initial Coin Offering | +::: + +# What is Nano + +**Nano is fast** because it uses a block-lattice architecture. This means that there is no concept of block times which are the limiting factor for most cryptocurrency's transaction time. Every wallet has a unique blockchain, and each "block" only contains a single transaction. Since the block is only needed when a transaction is made, wallets can pre-mine a block and hold onto the proof of work. Since each wallet manages its blockchain and proof of work, nodes only need to worry about the balance of each wallet. This enables transactions to be instantly propagated to the network, and the nodes that govern the network only keep track of the balance of each wallet. + +**Nano is free** to transact because it does not rely on paying miners for proof of work, and it is designed to be efficient so running a node is cheap and does not require support from the network. Bitcoin requires 1900 kWh of power for a single transaction^[@BTC_ECI], whereas Nano is only 0.111 Wh per transaction^[CanadianVelociraptor_2018] which is a difference of about 17 million percent.^[Numbers as of writing. Mining difficulty is variable, and hardware efficiency gets better every day.] There are many arguments that no one will run the nodes required to keep the Nano network healthy without proper incentives. Nano can work around this by keeping the requirements to run a Node very low so that the indirect benefits of running a node far outweigh the costs of the hardware. Companies will likely run nodes since running a node will be cheaper than paying transaction fees for other payment methods. The Nano whitepaper goes into great detail about the types of nodes. + +# Why isn't Nano Mainstream + +Most cryptocurrencies have features that directly benefit other users or network maintainers from being used. Transaction fees fed back into the coin's ecosystem are a great way to create feedback loops that generate more use for a coin. The incentive structure for Nano is much less direct but arguably much more potent. Established players in the cryptocurrency and payment processor world benefit significantly from having transactions go through them. To single out Coinbase, they have a feature where you can transfer crypto between any other member on the platform instantly and free^[@CoinbaseHowSend]. This proprietary feature could create a walled garden that Nano threatens to dismantle. + +It would be unfair to suggest that Nano's problems are from big established players fighting innovation. Nano's most vital features also make it susceptible to spam attacks. Since there is no fee and the network supports dividing 1 Nano into 30 decimal places, attackers can spam the network by sending trace amounts of Nano to random addresses. The ability to send these dust transactions creates a ton of stress on the network and has even ground Nano to a halt in the past^[@harperNanoNetworkFlooded2021]. However, the network did perform better than most had hoped, and the spam attack worked as an excellent verification of Nano's capabilities. Since then, the development team has focused on solutions to ensure that the issue doesn't occur again. It is worth noting that although Nano is feeless, it is not free. So, while sending Nano does not cost any Nano, it does cost computation, so attacks on the network are still costly. + +--- + +I'll close this off by saying that I highly recommend any cryptocurrency enthusiast to please read the [Nano Whitepaper](https://content.nano.org/whitepaper/Nano_Whitepaper_en.pdf) since it is one of the best cryptocurrency whitepapers, and in my opinion, second only to the original [Bitcoin Whitepaper](https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper). I hope that this article was insightful, and even though I am a holder of Nano, I hope that the information is unbiased. If you think Nano is worth checking out, the Nano Foundation has an excellent getting started page: https://nano.org/try-nano diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.html b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..99c64b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.html @@ -0,0 +1,1660 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Notes on Nano + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+

Notes on Nano

+ +
+
Cryptocurrency
+
Notes
+
+ +

Nano (Ӿ) is a fast, feeless and severely underrated currency.

+
+ +
+ Anson Biggs https://ansonbiggs.com + +
12-08-2021 +
+ +
+

The Current State of Crypto

+

In 2021 news about cryptocurrency has been dominated by meme coins. It is without a doubt that the crypto 2021 bull runs of 2021 have been thanks to the hype around coins with zero utility besides the ability to rapidly shoot up in value due to carefully constructed tokenomics1. Unfortunately, the hype surrounding coins with actual utility has been disappointingly low in 2021.

+

The current narrative of the most influential coins is that bitcoin will change financial infrastructure and keep governments from taking our freedom. Ethereum will be the backbone for everything from the internet, to art, to the mortgage on your house. The rest of the top 10 (and most of the top 100) coins by market cap are either smart-contract platforms with little community gunning for Ethereum’s spot or meme coins promising valuations that challenge the wealth of the economy of the world.

+

Return of the Utility

+

The coin I want to talk about is Nano (XNO). As of writing, it is ranked #175 by market capitalization. Nano does one thing and executes it perfectly: being a currency. The current market capitalization is far lower than other coins with similar amounts of development and community. Ethereum has a vibrant ecosystem where usage causes more usage. The figure here illustrates this nicely. The only way to increase demand for Nano and increase the price is to get it used for everyday transactions which would make the limited supply more scarce. Currencies have so much more to offer the world than just stores of value that can shoot up in price, and I think Nano is the perfect example of that. A coin of pure utility.

+
+Data from (“Kraken” 2021) and (“CoinGecko,” n.d.) +
+

Transactions must happen in seconds for a currency to be usable. Above are all the coins listed on Kraken, along with their confirmation time. Confirmation time is the amount of time Kraken recommends waiting before a transaction can be trusted not to be reversed on the blockchain. Kraken’s times are conservative, but I believe them to be a trusted authority on the topic. It’s important to note that most of the coins on this list are not designed with buying coffee in mind, but I think the comparison is still relevant since it is commonly believed that the only thing holding Bitcoin and its derivatives back from being used everywhere is hitting a critical mass of adoption among retail. Bitcoin is making progress, but Bitcoin today is far from being used as a currency.

+
+Data from (“CoinGecko,” n.d.) +
+

Above are all of the coins capable of settling in less than 1 second, which is about on par with a credit card. I also believe that confirming in less than a second is a benchmark that must be hit to be useful for everyday transactions. Solana stands out the most since it is the only smart contract platform on the list and has the highest market cap. Solana has a ton of potential, but I don’t believe that a coin with a smart-contract platform can compete long-term with a coin specifically designed to be a currency. The DeFi and Parachain coins are more governance tokens than actual cryptocurrencies, so they aren’t designed with the scale required for use as a currency. That leaves Ripple and Nano, which have wildly different market caps. Ripple is quite controversial since it is centralized to the point that I would argue it’s closer to Visa than Bitcoin2. I believe a fraudulent organization runs Ripple, so I don’t want to justify it by talking about it too much here. However, it would be biased not to compare the performance and tokenomics since they are the only two serious projects with the goal to become a currency.

+
+ +++++ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Nano3Ripple4
TickerXNOXRP
SymbolӾN/A
Market Cap5.650B46B
Transaction Speed<1 second3+ seconds
Transaction Fee00.00001 XRP6
Minimum Nakamoto Coefficient71081
SupplyAll coins minted, no mechanism to remove coins from network.All coins minted, transactions reduce overall supply.
Foundation OwnershipӾ7 million Developer FundRipple foundation and the founder own well over half of all the coins.9
Initial DistributionFaucetsInitial Coin Offering
+
+

What is Nano

+

Nano is fast because it uses a block-lattice architecture. This means that there is no concept of block times which are the limiting factor for most cryptocurrency’s transaction time. Every wallet has a unique blockchain, and each “block” only contains a single transaction. Since the block is only needed when a transaction is made, wallets can pre-mine a block and hold onto the proof of work. Since each wallet manages its blockchain and proof of work, nodes only need to worry about the balance of each wallet. This enables transactions to be instantly propagated to the network, and the nodes that govern the network only keep track of the balance of each wallet.

+

Nano is free to transact because it does not rely on paying miners for proof of work, and it is designed to be efficient so running a node is cheap and does not require support from the network. Bitcoin requires 1900 kWh of power for a single transaction10, whereas Nano is only 0.111 Wh per transaction11 which is a difference of about 17 million percent.12 There are many arguments that no one will run the nodes required to keep the Nano network healthy without proper incentives. Nano can work around this by keeping the requirements to run a Node very low so that the indirect benefits of running a node far outweigh the costs of the hardware. Companies will likely run nodes since running a node will be cheaper than paying transaction fees for other payment methods. The Nano whitepaper goes into great detail about the types of nodes.

+

Why isn’t Nano Mainstream

+

Most cryptocurrencies have features that directly benefit other users or network maintainers from being used. Transaction fees fed back into the coin’s ecosystem are a great way to create feedback loops that generate more use for a coin. The incentive structure for Nano is much less direct but arguably much more potent. Established players in the cryptocurrency and payment processor world benefit significantly from having transactions go through them. To single out Coinbase, they have a feature where you can transfer crypto between any other member on the platform instantly and free13. This proprietary feature could create a walled garden that Nano threatens to dismantle.

+

It would be unfair to suggest that Nano’s problems are from big established players fighting innovation. Nano’s most vital features also make it susceptible to spam attacks. Since there is no fee and the network supports dividing 1 Nano into 30 decimal places, attackers can spam the network by sending trace amounts of Nano to random addresses. The ability to send these dust transactions creates a ton of stress on the network and has even ground Nano to a halt in the past14. However, the network did perform better than most had hoped, and the spam attack worked as an excellent verification of Nano’s capabilities. Since then, the development team has focused on solutions to ensure that the issue doesn’t occur again. It is worth noting that although Nano is feeless, it is not free. So, while sending Nano does not cost any Nano, it does cost computation, so attacks on the network are still costly.

+
+

I’ll close this off by saying that I highly recommend any cryptocurrency enthusiast to please read the Nano Whitepaper since it is one of the best cryptocurrency whitepapers, and in my opinion, second only to the original Bitcoin Whitepaper. I hope that this article was insightful, and even though I am a holder of Nano, I hope that the information is unbiased. If you think Nano is worth checking out, the Nano Foundation has an excellent getting started page: https://nano.org/try-nano

+
+
+
+“Bitcoin Energy Consumption.” n.d. +
+
+“Coinbase - How to Send Crypto.” n.d. https://www.coinbase.com/learn/tips-and-tutorials/how-to-send-crypto. +
+
+CoinGecko.” n.d. +
+
+Harper, Colin. 2021. “Nano’s Network Flooded With Spam, Nodes Out of Sync.” https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2021/03/11/nanos-network-flooded-with-spam-nodes-out-of-sync/. +
+
+Jain, Anjali. 2021. “Ripple ‘Guilty of Fraud,’ but Not Securities Law Violations: Messari’s Selkis.” +
+
+“Kraken.” 2021, October. +
+
+“Nano Is a Digital Currency for Everyone, Without Fees.” n.d. +
+
+NanoLooker Representatives.” n.d. +
+
+“Ripple | Global Instant Payments.” n.d. +
+
+“Shiba Inu Ecosystem.” n.d. +
+
+Srinivasan, Balaji S. 2017. “Quantifying Decentralization.” Earn.com. +
+
+
+
+
    +
  1. “Shiba Inu Ecosystem” (n.d.)↩︎

  2. +
  3. Jain (2021)↩︎

  4. +
  5. “Nano Is a Digital Currency for Everyone, Without Fees.” (n.d.)↩︎

  6. +
  7. “Ripple | Global Instant Payments” (n.d.)↩︎

  8. +
  9. CoinGecko (n.d.)↩︎

  10. +
  11. Subject to change at any moment.↩︎

  12. +
  13. Srinivasan (2017)↩︎

  14. +
  15. NanoLooker Representatives” (n.d.)↩︎

  16. +
  17. cryptonomist_xrp↩︎

  18. +
  19. “Bitcoin Energy Consumption (n.d.)↩︎

  20. +
  21. CanadianVelociraptor_2018↩︎

  22. +
  23. Numbers as of writing. Mining difficulty is variable, and hardware efficiency gets better every day.↩︎

  24. +
  25. “Coinbase - How to Send Crypto” (n.d.)↩︎

  26. +
  27. Harper (2021)↩︎

  28. +
+
+ + +
+ +
+
+ + + + + +
+

References

+
+

Reuse

+

Text and figures are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0. The figures that have been reused from other sources don't fall under this license and can be recognized by a note in their caption: "Figure from ...".

+
+ + + + + + + diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.jl b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.jl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8c360cf --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano.jl @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ +using CSV +using DataFrames +using HTTP +using StringViews +using JSON +using Dates + +using Plots +using StatsPlots +using Colors +theme(:ggplot2) + +kraken = """ +cryptocurrency confirmationMinutes +0x (ZRX) 5 +1inch (1INCH) 5 +Aave (AAVE) 5 +Aavegotchi (GHST) 5 +Algorand (ALGO) 0.75 +Ankr (ANKR) 5 +Aragon (ANT) 5 +Augur (REP) 5 +Augur v2 (REPV2) 5 +Axie Infinity (AXS) 5 +Badger DAO (BADGER) 5 +Balancer (BAL) 5 +Bancor (BNT) 5 +Band Protocol (BAND) 5 +Basic Attention Token (BAT) 5 +Bifrost (BNC) 4 +Bitcoin (BTC) 40 +Cardano (ADA) 10 +Cartesi (CTSI) 5 +Chainlink (LINK) 5 +Chiliz (CHZ) 5 +Compound (COMP) 5 +Cosmos (ATOM) 0 +Covalent (CQT) 5 +Curve (CRV) 5 +Dash (DASH) 5 +Dai (DAI) ERC-20 5 +Decentraland (MANA) 5 +Dogecoin (DOGE) 40 +dYdX (DYDX) 5 +Energy Web Token (EWT) 1.75 +Enjin Coin (ENJ) 5 +Enzyme Finance (MLN) 5 +EOS (EOS) 0 +Ethereum (ETH) 5 +Flow (FLOW) 1 +Gnosis (GNO) 5 +ICON (ICX) 0 +Injective Protocol (INJ) 5 +Karura (KAR) 4 +Kava (KAVA) 0 +Keep Network (KEEP) 5 +Kusama (KSM) 2 +Kyber Network (KNC) 5 +Lisk (LSK) 51 +Litecoin (LTC) 30 +Livepeer (LPT) 5 +Loopring (LRC) 5 +Maker (MKR) 5 +Mina (MINA) 60 +Mirror Protocol (MIR) 5 +Monero (XMR) 30 +Moonriver (MOVR) 4 +Nano (XNO) 0 +Ocean (OCEAN) 5 +OmiseGO (OMG) 5 +Orchid (OXT) 5 +Origin Protocol (OGN) 5 +Oxygen (OXY) 0 +PAX Gold (PAXG) 5 +Perpetual Protocol (PERP) 5 +Phala (PHA) 5 +Polkadot (DOT) 2 +Polygon (MATIC) 5 +Qtum (QTUM) 60 +Rarible (RARI) 5 +Raydium (RAY) 0 +REN Protocol (REN) 5 +Ripple (XRP) 0 +Serum (SRM) 0 +Shiden (SDN) 4 +Siacoin (SC) 60 +Solana (SOL) 0 +Stellar Lumens (XLM) 0 +Storj (STORJ) 5 +Sushi (SUSHI) 5 +Synthetix (SNX) 5 +tBTC (TBTC) 5 +Tether USD (USDT) ERC-20 5 +Tezos (XTZ) 15 +The Graph (GRT) 5 +The Sandbox (SAND) 5 +Tron (TRX) 1 +Uniswap (UNI) 5 +USD Coin (USDC) 5 +Waves (WAVES) 10 +Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC) 5 +Yearn Finance (YFI) 5 +Zcash (ZEC) 60 +""" + +df = CSV.File(IOBuffer(kraken)) |> DataFrame + +df.symbol = [split(split(sym, "(")[end], ")")[1] |> lowercase for sym in df.cryptocurrency] + +coins = HTTP.get("https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/coins/list").body |> + StringView |> JSON.parse .|> DataFrame |> x -> vcat(x...) + +coins = coins[coins.id.!="xeno-token", :] + +coins = unique(coins[end:-1:1, :], :symbol); + +df = innerjoin(df, coins, on = :symbol) + +mktcap_url = "https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?vs_currencies=usd&include_market_cap=true&ids=" * join(df.id, ",") + +caps = HTTP.get(mktcap_url).body |> + StringView |> JSON.parse + +df.mktcap = [caps[id]["usd_market_cap"] ./ 1e9 for id in df.id] +df = df[df.mktcap.!=0, :] + + +function imp_func(name) + important = ["Bitcoin" "Ethereum" "Nano" "Dogecoin" "XRP" "Solana"] + if name in important + println(name) + name |> typeof |> println + return name + else + return "" + end +end + +df.important = imp_func.(df.name) +sort!(df, :confirmationMinutes) + +let + @df df[df.important.!="", :] scatter(:confirmationMinutes, :mktcap, group = :cryptocurrency, markersize = 6, alpha = 0.9) + @df df[df.important.=="", :] scatter!(:confirmationMinutes, :mktcap, alpha = 0.5, label = "Other") + + title!("Market Cap vs. Confirmation Time") + xlabel!("Confirmation Time (Minutes)") + ylabel!("Market Cap (Billions USD)") + # annotate!(12, 435, "Ethereum") + # annotate!(45, 1010, "Bitcoin") + annotate!(2, 1090, text("Prices as of: $(today())", :left, 8)) + plot!(legend = :topleft) + + savefig("caps.svg") +end + +fast = df[df.confirmationMinutes.==0, :] + + +cats = [ + "cosmos" "Parachain" + "icon" "Parachain" + "kava" "DeFi" + "nano" "Currency" + "oxygen" "DeFi" + "raydium" "DeFi" + "serum" "DeFi" + "solana" "Smart Contract" + "stellar" "Parachain" + "ripple" "Currency" +] |> x -> DataFrame(x, [:id, :category]) + +fast = innerjoin(cats, fast, on = :id) + +let + @df fast bar( + :id, + :mktcap, + group = :category, + xrotation = 15, + legend = :topleft, + # yaxis = :log10 + # fillcolor = [jlc.blue jlc.green jlc.purple jlc.red], + ) + + title!("Market Caps of Fast Coins") + ylabel!("Market Cap (Billions USD)") + savefig("fast.svg") +end \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/anchor-4.2.2/anchor.min.js b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/anchor-4.2.2/anchor.min.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..26908ec --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/anchor-4.2.2/anchor.min.js @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// @license magnet:?xt=urn:btih:d3d9a9a6595521f9666a5e94cc830dab83b65699&dn=expat.txt Expat +// +// AnchorJS - v4.2.2 - 2019-11-14 +// https://www.bryanbraun.com/anchorjs/ +// Copyright (c) 2019 Bryan Braun; Licensed MIT +// +// @license magnet:?xt=urn:btih:d3d9a9a6595521f9666a5e94cc830dab83b65699&dn=expat.txt Expat +!function(A,e){"use strict";"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define([],e):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=e():(A.AnchorJS=e(),A.anchors=new A.AnchorJS)}(this,function(){"use strict";return function(A){function f(A){A.icon=A.hasOwnProperty("icon")?A.icon:"",A.visible=A.hasOwnProperty("visible")?A.visible:"hover",A.placement=A.hasOwnProperty("placement")?A.placement:"right",A.ariaLabel=A.hasOwnProperty("ariaLabel")?A.ariaLabel:"Anchor",A.class=A.hasOwnProperty("class")?A.class:"",A.base=A.hasOwnProperty("base")?A.base:"",A.truncate=A.hasOwnProperty("truncate")?Math.floor(A.truncate):64,A.titleText=A.hasOwnProperty("titleText")?A.titleText:""}function p(A){var e;if("string"==typeof A||A instanceof String)e=[].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll(A));else{if(!(Array.isArray(A)||A instanceof NodeList))throw new Error("The selector provided to AnchorJS was invalid.");e=[].slice.call(A)}return e}this.options=A||{},this.elements=[],f(this.options),this.isTouchDevice=function(){return!!("ontouchstart"in window||window.DocumentTouch&&document instanceof DocumentTouch)},this.add=function(A){var e,t,i,n,o,s,a,r,c,h,l,u,d=[];if(f(this.options),"touch"===(l=this.options.visible)&&(l=this.isTouchDevice()?"always":"hover"),0===(e=p(A=A||"h2, h3, h4, h5, h6")).length)return this;for(!function(){if(null!==document.head.querySelector("style.anchorjs"))return;var A,e=document.createElement("style");e.className="anchorjs",e.appendChild(document.createTextNode("")),void 0===(A=document.head.querySelector('[rel="stylesheet"], style'))?document.head.appendChild(e):document.head.insertBefore(e,A);e.sheet.insertRule(" .anchorjs-link { opacity: 0; text-decoration: none; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; }",e.sheet.cssRules.length),e.sheet.insertRule(" *:hover > .anchorjs-link, .anchorjs-link:focus { opacity: 1; }",e.sheet.cssRules.length),e.sheet.insertRule(" [data-anchorjs-icon]::after { content: attr(data-anchorjs-icon); }",e.sheet.cssRules.length),e.sheet.insertRule(' @font-face { font-family: "anchorjs-icons"; src: url(data:n/a;base64,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) format("truetype"); }',e.sheet.cssRules.length)}(),t=document.querySelectorAll("[id]"),i=[].map.call(t,function(A){return A.id}),o=0;o\]\.\/\(\)\*\\\n\t\b\v]/g,"-").replace(/-{2,}/g,"-").substring(0,this.options.truncate).replace(/^-+|-+$/gm,"").toLowerCase()},this.hasAnchorJSLink=function(A){var e=A.firstChild&&-1<(" "+A.firstChild.className+" ").indexOf(" anchorjs-link "),t=A.lastChild&&-1<(" "+A.lastChild.className+" ").indexOf(" anchorjs-link ");return e||t||!1}}}); +// @license-end \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/bowser-1.9.3/bowser.min.js b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/bowser-1.9.3/bowser.min.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5866337 --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/bowser-1.9.3/bowser.min.js @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +/*! + * Bowser - a browser detector + * https://github.com/ded/bowser + * MIT License | (c) Dustin Diaz 2015 + */ +!function(e,t,n){typeof module!="undefined"&&module.exports?module.exports=n():typeof define=="function"&&define.amd?define(t,n):e[t]=n()}(this,"bowser",function(){function t(t){function n(e){var n=t.match(e);return n&&n.length>1&&n[1]||""}function r(e){var n=t.match(e);return n&&n.length>1&&n[2]||""}function N(e){switch(e){case"NT":return"NT";case"XP":return"XP";case"NT 5.0":return"2000";case"NT 5.1":return"XP";case"NT 5.2":return"2003";case"NT 6.0":return"Vista";case"NT 6.1":return"7";case"NT 6.2":return"8";case"NT 6.3":return"8.1";case"NT 10.0":return"10";default:return undefined}}var i=n(/(ipod|iphone|ipad)/i).toLowerCase(),s=/like android/i.test(t),o=!s&&/android/i.test(t),u=/nexus\s*[0-6]\s*/i.test(t),a=!u&&/nexus\s*[0-9]+/i.test(t),f=/CrOS/.test(t),l=/silk/i.test(t),c=/sailfish/i.test(t),h=/tizen/i.test(t),p=/(web|hpw)os/i.test(t),d=/windows phone/i.test(t),v=/SamsungBrowser/i.test(t),m=!d&&/windows/i.test(t),g=!i&&!l&&/macintosh/i.test(t),y=!o&&!c&&!h&&!p&&/linux/i.test(t),b=r(/edg([ea]|ios)\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i),w=n(/version\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i),E=/tablet/i.test(t)&&!/tablet pc/i.test(t),S=!E&&/[^-]mobi/i.test(t),x=/xbox/i.test(t),T;/opera/i.test(t)?T={name:"Opera",opera:e,version:w||n(/(?:opera|opr|opios)[\s\/](\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/opr\/|opios/i.test(t)?T={name:"Opera",opera:e,version:n(/(?:opr|opios)[\s\/](\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)||w}:/SamsungBrowser/i.test(t)?T={name:"Samsung Internet for Android",samsungBrowser:e,version:w||n(/(?:SamsungBrowser)[\s\/](\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/coast/i.test(t)?T={name:"Opera Coast",coast:e,version:w||n(/(?:coast)[\s\/](\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/yabrowser/i.test(t)?T={name:"Yandex Browser",yandexbrowser:e,version:w||n(/(?:yabrowser)[\s\/](\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/ucbrowser/i.test(t)?T={name:"UC Browser",ucbrowser:e,version:n(/(?:ucbrowser)[\s\/](\d+(?:\.\d+)+)/i)}:/mxios/i.test(t)?T={name:"Maxthon",maxthon:e,version:n(/(?:mxios)[\s\/](\d+(?:\.\d+)+)/i)}:/epiphany/i.test(t)?T={name:"Epiphany",epiphany:e,version:n(/(?:epiphany)[\s\/](\d+(?:\.\d+)+)/i)}:/puffin/i.test(t)?T={name:"Puffin",puffin:e,version:n(/(?:puffin)[\s\/](\d+(?:\.\d+)?)/i)}:/sleipnir/i.test(t)?T={name:"Sleipnir",sleipnir:e,version:n(/(?:sleipnir)[\s\/](\d+(?:\.\d+)+)/i)}:/k-meleon/i.test(t)?T={name:"K-Meleon",kMeleon:e,version:n(/(?:k-meleon)[\s\/](\d+(?:\.\d+)+)/i)}:d?(T={name:"Windows Phone",osname:"Windows Phone",windowsphone:e},b?(T.msedge=e,T.version=b):(T.msie=e,T.version=n(/iemobile\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i))):/msie|trident/i.test(t)?T={name:"Internet Explorer",msie:e,version:n(/(?:msie |rv:)(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:f?T={name:"Chrome",osname:"Chrome OS",chromeos:e,chromeBook:e,chrome:e,version:n(/(?:chrome|crios|crmo)\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/edg([ea]|ios)/i.test(t)?T={name:"Microsoft Edge",msedge:e,version:b}:/vivaldi/i.test(t)?T={name:"Vivaldi",vivaldi:e,version:n(/vivaldi\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)||w}:c?T={name:"Sailfish",osname:"Sailfish OS",sailfish:e,version:n(/sailfish\s?browser\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/seamonkey\//i.test(t)?T={name:"SeaMonkey",seamonkey:e,version:n(/seamonkey\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/firefox|iceweasel|fxios/i.test(t)?(T={name:"Firefox",firefox:e,version:n(/(?:firefox|iceweasel|fxios)[ \/](\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)},/\((mobile|tablet);[^\)]*rv:[\d\.]+\)/i.test(t)&&(T.firefoxos=e,T.osname="Firefox OS")):l?T={name:"Amazon Silk",silk:e,version:n(/silk\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/phantom/i.test(t)?T={name:"PhantomJS",phantom:e,version:n(/phantomjs\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/slimerjs/i.test(t)?T={name:"SlimerJS",slimer:e,version:n(/slimerjs\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:/blackberry|\bbb\d+/i.test(t)||/rim\stablet/i.test(t)?T={name:"BlackBerry",osname:"BlackBerry OS",blackberry:e,version:w||n(/blackberry[\d]+\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:p?(T={name:"WebOS",osname:"WebOS",webos:e,version:w||n(/w(?:eb)?osbrowser\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)},/touchpad\//i.test(t)&&(T.touchpad=e)):/bada/i.test(t)?T={name:"Bada",osname:"Bada",bada:e,version:n(/dolfin\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:h?T={name:"Tizen",osname:"Tizen",tizen:e,version:n(/(?:tizen\s?)?browser\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)||w}:/qupzilla/i.test(t)?T={name:"QupZilla",qupzilla:e,version:n(/(?:qupzilla)[\s\/](\d+(?:\.\d+)+)/i)||w}:/chromium/i.test(t)?T={name:"Chromium",chromium:e,version:n(/(?:chromium)[\s\/](\d+(?:\.\d+)?)/i)||w}:/chrome|crios|crmo/i.test(t)?T={name:"Chrome",chrome:e,version:n(/(?:chrome|crios|crmo)\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)}:o?T={name:"Android",version:w}:/safari|applewebkit/i.test(t)?(T={name:"Safari",safari:e},w&&(T.version=w)):i?(T={name:i=="iphone"?"iPhone":i=="ipad"?"iPad":"iPod"},w&&(T.version=w)):/googlebot/i.test(t)?T={name:"Googlebot",googlebot:e,version:n(/googlebot\/(\d+(\.\d+))/i)||w}:T={name:n(/^(.*)\/(.*) /),version:r(/^(.*)\/(.*) /)},!T.msedge&&/(apple)?webkit/i.test(t)?(/(apple)?webkit\/537\.36/i.test(t)?(T.name=T.name||"Blink",T.blink=e):(T.name=T.name||"Webkit",T.webkit=e),!T.version&&w&&(T.version=w)):!T.opera&&/gecko\//i.test(t)&&(T.name=T.name||"Gecko",T.gecko=e,T.version=T.version||n(/gecko\/(\d+(\.\d+)?)/i)),!T.windowsphone&&(o||T.silk)?(T.android=e,T.osname="Android"):!T.windowsphone&&i?(T[i]=e,T.ios=e,T.osname="iOS"):g?(T.mac=e,T.osname="macOS"):x?(T.xbox=e,T.osname="Xbox"):m?(T.windows=e,T.osname="Windows"):y&&(T.linux=e,T.osname="Linux");var C="";T.windows?C=N(n(/Windows ((NT|XP)( \d\d?.\d)?)/i)):T.windowsphone?C=n(/windows phone (?:os)?\s?(\d+(\.\d+)*)/i):T.mac?(C=n(/Mac OS X (\d+([_\.\s]\d+)*)/i),C=C.replace(/[_\s]/g,".")):i?(C=n(/os (\d+([_\s]\d+)*) like mac os x/i),C=C.replace(/[_\s]/g,".")):o?C=n(/android[ \/-](\d+(\.\d+)*)/i):T.webos?C=n(/(?:web|hpw)os\/(\d+(\.\d+)*)/i):T.blackberry?C=n(/rim\stablet\sos\s(\d+(\.\d+)*)/i):T.bada?C=n(/bada\/(\d+(\.\d+)*)/i):T.tizen&&(C=n(/tizen[\/\s](\d+(\.\d+)*)/i)),C&&(T.osversion=C);var k=!T.windows&&C.split(".")[0];if(E||a||i=="ipad"||o&&(k==3||k>=4&&!S)||T.silk)T.tablet=e;else if(S||i=="iphone"||i=="ipod"||o||u||T.blackberry||T.webos||T.bada)T.mobile=e;return T.msedge||T.msie&&T.version>=10||T.yandexbrowser&&T.version>=15||T.vivaldi&&T.version>=1||T.chrome&&T.version>=20||T.samsungBrowser&&T.version>=4||T.firefox&&T.version>=20||T.safari&&T.version>=6||T.opera&&T.version>=10||T.ios&&T.osversion&&T.osversion.split(".")[0]>=6||T.blackberry&&T.version>=10.1||T.chromium&&T.version>=20?T.a=e:T.msie&&T.version<10||T.chrome&&T.version<20||T.firefox&&T.version<20||T.safari&&T.version<6||T.opera&&T.version<10||T.ios&&T.osversion&&T.osversion.split(".")[0]<6||T.chromium&&T.version<20?T.c=e:T.x=e,T}function r(e){return e.split(".").length}function i(e,t){var n=[],r;if(Array.prototype.map)return Array.prototype.map.call(e,t);for(r=0;r=0){if(n[0][t]>n[1][t])return 1;if(n[0][t]!==n[1][t])return-1;if(t===0)return 0}}function o(e,r,i){var o=n;typeof r=="string"&&(i=r,r=void 0),r===void 0&&(r=!1),i&&(o=t(i));var u=""+o.version;for(var a in e)if(e.hasOwnProperty(a)&&o[a]){if(typeof e[a]!="string")throw new Error("Browser version in the minVersion map should be a string: "+a+": "+String(e));return s([u,e[a]])<0}return r}function u(e,t,n){return!o(e,t,n)}var e=!0,n=t(typeof navigator!="undefined"?navigator.userAgent||"":"");return n.test=function(e){for(var t=0;tnew Qn(e)),e.katex=t.katex,e.password=t.password}function t(e=document){const t=new Set,n=e.querySelectorAll('d-cite');for(const i of n){const e=i.getAttribute('key').split(',');for(const n of e)t.add(n)}return[...t]}function n(e,t,n,i){if(null==e.author)return'';var a=e.author.split(' and ');let d=a.map((e)=>{if(e=e.trim(),e.match(/\{.+\}/)){var n=/\{([^}]+)\}/,i=n.exec(e);return i[1]}if(-1!=e.indexOf(','))var a=e.split(',')[0].trim(),d=e.split(',')[1];else var a=e.split(' ').slice(-1)[0].trim(),d=e.split(' ').slice(0,-1).join(' ');var r='';return void 0!=d&&(r=d.trim().split(' ').map((e)=>e.trim()[0]),r=r.join('.')+'.'),t.replace('${F}',d).replace('${L}',a).replace('${I}',r)});if(1[${i||'link'}]`}return''}function d(e,t){return'doi'in e?`${t?'
':''} DOI: ${e.doi}`:''}function r(e){return''+e.title+' '}function o(e){if(e){var t=r(e);return t+=a(e)+'
',e.author&&(t+=n(e,'${L}, ${I}',', ',' and '),(e.year||e.date)&&(t+=', ')),t+=e.year||e.date?(e.year||e.date)+'. ':'. ',t+=i(e),t+=d(e),t}return'?'}function l(e){if(e){var t='';t+=''+e.title+'',t+=a(e),t+='
';var r=n(e,'${I} ${L}',', ')+'.',o=i(e).trim()+' '+e.year+'. '+d(e,!0);return t+=(r+o).length'+o,t}return'?'}function s(e){for(let t of e.authors){const e=!!t.affiliation,n=!!t.affiliations;if(e)if(n)console.warn(`Author ${t.author} has both old-style ("affiliation" & "affiliationURL") and new style ("affiliations") affiliation information!`);else{let e={name:t.affiliation};t.affiliationURL&&(e.url=t.affiliationURL),t.affiliations=[e]}}return console.log(e),e}function c(e){const t=e.querySelector('script');if(t){const e=t.getAttribute('type');if('json'==e.split('/')[1]){const e=t.textContent,n=JSON.parse(e);return s(n)}console.error('Distill only supports JSON frontmatter tags anymore; no more YAML.')}else console.error('You added a frontmatter tag but did not provide a script tag with front matter data in it. Please take a look at our templates.');return{}}function u(){return-1!==['interactive','complete'].indexOf(document.readyState)}function p(e){const t='distill-prerendered-styles',n=e.getElementById(t);if(!n){const n=e.createElement('style');n.id=t,n.type='text/css';const i=e.createTextNode(bi);n.appendChild(i);const a=e.head.querySelector('script');e.head.insertBefore(n,a)}}function g(e,t){console.info('Runlevel 0: Polyfill required: '+e.name);const n=document.createElement('script');n.src=e.url,n.async=!1,t&&(n.onload=function(){t(e)}),n.onerror=function(){new Error('Runlevel 0: Polyfills failed to load script '+e.name)},document.head.appendChild(n)}function f(e,t){return t={exports:{}},e(t,t.exports),t.exports}function h(e){return e.replace(/[\t\n ]+/g,' ').replace(/{\\["^`.'acu~Hvs]( )?([a-zA-Z])}/g,(e,t,n)=>n).replace(/{\\([a-zA-Z])}/g,(e,t)=>t)}function b(e){const t=new Map,n=_i.toJSON(e);for(const i of n){for(const[e,t]of Object.entries(i.entryTags))i.entryTags[e.toLowerCase()]=h(t);i.entryTags.type=i.entryType,t.set(i.citationKey,i.entryTags)}return t}function m(e){return`@article{${e.slug}, + author = {${e.bibtexAuthors}}, + title = {${e.title}}, + journal = {${e.journal.title}}, + year = {${e.publishedYear}}, + note = {${e.url}}, + doi = {${e.doi}} +}`}function y(e){return` + +`}function x(e,t,n=document){if(0 + + d-toc { + contain: layout style; + display: block; + } + + d-toc ul { + padding-left: 0; + } + + d-toc ul > ul { + padding-left: 24px; + } + + d-toc a { + border-bottom: none; + text-decoration: none; + } + + + +

Table of contents

+
    `;for(const i of t){const e='D-TITLE'==i.parentElement.tagName,t=i.getAttribute('no-toc');if(e||t)continue;const a=i.textContent,d='#'+i.getAttribute('id');let r='
  • '+a+'
  • ';'H3'==i.tagName?r='
      '+r+'
    ':r+='
    ',n+=r}n+='
',e.innerHTML=n}function v(e){return function(t,n){return Xi(e(t),n)}}function w(e,t,n){var i=(t-e)/Rn(0,n),a=Fn(jn(i)/Nn),d=i/In(10,a);return 0<=a?(d>=Gi?10:d>=ea?5:d>=ta?2:1)*In(10,a):-In(10,-a)/(d>=Gi?10:d>=ea?5:d>=ta?2:1)}function S(e,t,n){var i=Un(t-e)/Rn(0,n),a=In(10,Fn(jn(i)/Nn)),d=i/a;return d>=Gi?a*=10:d>=ea?a*=5:d>=ta&&(a*=2),t>8|240&t>>4,15&t>>4|240&t,(15&t)<<4|15&t,1)):(t=ca.exec(e))?O(parseInt(t[1],16)):(t=ua.exec(e))?new j(t[1],t[2],t[3],1):(t=pa.exec(e))?new j(255*t[1]/100,255*t[2]/100,255*t[3]/100,1):(t=ga.exec(e))?U(t[1],t[2],t[3],t[4]):(t=fa.exec(e))?U(255*t[1]/100,255*t[2]/100,255*t[3]/100,t[4]):(t=ha.exec(e))?R(t[1],t[2]/100,t[3]/100,1):(t=ba.exec(e))?R(t[1],t[2]/100,t[3]/100,t[4]):ma.hasOwnProperty(e)?O(ma[e]):'transparent'===e?new j(NaN,NaN,NaN,0):null}function O(e){return new j(255&e>>16,255&e>>8,255&e,1)}function U(e,t,n,i){return 0>=i&&(e=t=n=NaN),new j(e,t,n,i)}function I(e){return(e instanceof L||(e=M(e)),!e)?new j:(e=e.rgb(),new j(e.r,e.g,e.b,e.opacity))}function N(e,t,n,i){return 1===arguments.length?I(e):new j(e,t,n,null==i?1:i)}function j(e,t,n,i){this.r=+e,this.g=+t,this.b=+n,this.opacity=+i}function R(e,t,n,i){return 0>=i?e=t=n=NaN:0>=n||1<=n?e=t=NaN:0>=t&&(e=NaN),new F(e,t,n,i)}function q(e){if(e instanceof F)return new F(e.h,e.s,e.l,e.opacity);if(e instanceof L||(e=M(e)),!e)return new F;if(e instanceof F)return e;e=e.rgb();var t=e.r/255,n=e.g/255,i=e.b/255,a=Hn(t,n,i),d=Rn(t,n,i),r=NaN,c=d-a,s=(d+a)/2;return c?(r=t===d?(n-i)/c+6*(ns?d+a:2-d-a,r*=60):c=0s?0:r,new F(r,c,s,e.opacity)}function F(e,t,n,i){this.h=+e,this.s=+t,this.l=+n,this.opacity=+i}function P(e,t,n){return 255*(60>e?t+(n-t)*e/60:180>e?n:240>e?t+(n-t)*(240-e)/60:t)}function H(e){if(e instanceof Y)return new Y(e.l,e.a,e.b,e.opacity);if(e instanceof X){var t=e.h*ya;return new Y(e.l,Mn(t)*e.c,Dn(t)*e.c,e.opacity)}e instanceof j||(e=I(e));var n=$(e.r),i=$(e.g),a=$(e.b),d=W((0.4124564*n+0.3575761*i+0.1804375*a)/Kn),r=W((0.2126729*n+0.7151522*i+0.072175*a)/Xn),o=W((0.0193339*n+0.119192*i+0.9503041*a)/Yn);return new Y(116*r-16,500*(d-r),200*(r-o),e.opacity)}function Y(e,t,n,i){this.l=+e,this.a=+t,this.b=+n,this.opacity=+i}function W(e){return e>Sa?In(e,1/3):e/wa+Zn}function V(e){return e>va?e*e*e:wa*(e-Zn)}function K(e){return 255*(0.0031308>=e?12.92*e:1.055*In(e,1/2.4)-0.055)}function $(e){return 0.04045>=(e/=255)?e/12.92:In((e+0.055)/1.055,2.4)}function z(e){if(e instanceof X)return new X(e.h,e.c,e.l,e.opacity);e instanceof Y||(e=H(e));var t=En(e.b,e.a)*xa;return new X(0>t?t+360:t,An(e.a*e.a+e.b*e.b),e.l,e.opacity)}function X(e,t,n,i){this.h=+e,this.c=+t,this.l=+n,this.opacity=+i}function J(e){if(e instanceof Z)return new Z(e.h,e.s,e.l,e.opacity);e instanceof j||(e=I(e));var t=e.r/255,n=e.g/255,i=e.b/255,a=(_a*i+E*t-Ta*n)/(_a+E-Ta),d=i-a,r=(D*(n-a)-B*d)/C,o=An(r*r+d*d)/(D*a*(1-a)),l=o?En(r,d)*xa-120:NaN;return new Z(0>l?l+360:l,o,a,e.opacity)}function Q(e,t,n,i){return 1===arguments.length?J(e):new Z(e,t,n,null==i?1:i)}function Z(e,t,n,i){this.h=+e,this.s=+t,this.l=+n,this.opacity=+i}function G(e,n){return function(i){return e+i*n}}function ee(e,n,i){return e=In(e,i),n=In(n,i)-e,i=1/i,function(a){return In(e+a*n,i)}}function te(e){return 1==(e=+e)?ne:function(t,n){return n-t?ee(t,n,e):La(isNaN(t)?n:t)}}function ne(e,t){var n=t-e;return n?G(e,n):La(isNaN(e)?t:e)}function ie(e){return function(){return e}}function ae(e){return function(n){return e(n)+''}}function de(e){return function t(n){function i(i,t){var a=e((i=Q(i)).h,(t=Q(t)).h),d=ne(i.s,t.s),r=ne(i.l,t.l),o=ne(i.opacity,t.opacity);return function(e){return i.h=a(e),i.s=d(e),i.l=r(In(e,n)),i.opacity=o(e),i+''}}return n=+n,i.gamma=t,i}(1)}function oe(e,t){return(t-=e=+e)?function(n){return(n-e)/t}:Pa(t)}function le(e){return function(t,n){var i=e(t=+t,n=+n);return function(e){return e<=t?0:e>=n?1:i(e)}}}function se(e){return function(n,i){var d=e(n=+n,i=+i);return function(e){return 0>=e?n:1<=e?i:d(e)}}}function ce(e,t,n,i){var a=e[0],d=e[1],r=t[0],o=t[1];return d',a=t[3]||'-',d=t[4]||'',r=!!t[5],o=t[6]&&+t[6],l=!!t[7],s=t[8]&&+t[8].slice(1),c=t[9]||'';'n'===c?(l=!0,c='g'):!$a[c]&&(c=''),(r||'0'===n&&'='===i)&&(r=!0,n='0',i='='),this.fill=n,this.align=i,this.sign=a,this.symbol=d,this.zero=r,this.width=o,this.comma=l,this.precision=s,this.type=c}function be(e){var t=e.domain;return e.ticks=function(e){var n=t();return na(n[0],n[n.length-1],null==e?10:e)},e.tickFormat=function(e,n){return ad(t(),e,n)},e.nice=function(n){null==n&&(n=10);var i,a=t(),d=0,r=a.length-1,o=a[d],l=a[r];return li&&(o=qn(o*i)/i,l=Fn(l*i)/i,i=w(o,l,n)),0i&&(a[d]=qn(o*i)/i,a[r]=Fn(l*i)/i,t(a)),e},e}function me(){var e=ge(oe,Ma);return e.copy=function(){return pe(e,me())},be(e)}function ye(e,t,n,i){function a(t){return e(t=new Date(+t)),t}return a.floor=a,a.ceil=function(n){return e(n=new Date(n-1)),t(n,1),e(n),n},a.round=function(e){var t=a(e),n=a.ceil(e);return e-t=t)for(;e(t),!n(t);)t.setTime(t-1)},function(e,i){if(e>=e)if(0>i)for(;0>=++i;)for(;t(e,-1),!n(e););else for(;0<=--i;)for(;t(e,1),!n(e););})},n&&(a.count=function(t,i){return dd.setTime(+t),rd.setTime(+i),e(dd),e(rd),Fn(n(dd,rd))},a.every=function(e){return e=Fn(e),isFinite(e)&&0e.y){var t=new Date(-1,e.m,e.d,e.H,e.M,e.S,e.L);return t.setFullYear(e.y),t}return new Date(e.y,e.m,e.d,e.H,e.M,e.S,e.L)}function we(e){if(0<=e.y&&100>e.y){var t=new Date(Date.UTC(-1,e.m,e.d,e.H,e.M,e.S,e.L));return t.setUTCFullYear(e.y),t}return new Date(Date.UTC(e.y,e.m,e.d,e.H,e.M,e.S,e.L))}function Se(e){return{y:e,m:0,d:1,H:0,M:0,S:0,L:0}}function Ce(e){function t(e,t){return function(a){var d,r,o,l=[],s=-1,i=0,c=e.length;for(a instanceof Date||(a=new Date(+a));++s=n)return-1;if(r=t.charCodeAt(l++),37===r){if(r=t.charAt(l++),o=C[r in Hd?t.charAt(l++):r],!o||0>(d=o(e,a,d)))return-1;}else if(r!=a.charCodeAt(d++))return-1}return d}var r=e.dateTime,o=e.date,l=e.time,i=e.periods,s=e.days,c=e.shortDays,u=e.months,p=e.shortMonths,g=Le(i),f=Ae(i),h=Le(s),b=Ae(s),m=Le(c),y=Ae(c),x=Le(u),k=Ae(u),v=Le(p),w=Ae(p),d={a:function(e){return c[e.getDay()]},A:function(e){return s[e.getDay()]},b:function(e){return p[e.getMonth()]},B:function(e){return u[e.getMonth()]},c:null,d:Ye,e:Ye,H:Be,I:We,j:Ve,L:Ke,m:$e,M:Xe,p:function(e){return i[+(12<=e.getHours())]},S:Je,U:Qe,w:Ze,W:Ge,x:null,X:null,y:et,Y:tt,Z:nt,"%":mt},S={a:function(e){return c[e.getUTCDay()]},A:function(e){return s[e.getUTCDay()]},b:function(e){return p[e.getUTCMonth()]},B:function(e){return u[e.getUTCMonth()]},c:null,d:it,e:it,H:at,I:dt,j:rt,L:ot,m:lt,M:st,p:function(e){return i[+(12<=e.getUTCHours())]},S:ct,U:ut,w:pt,W:gt,x:null,X:null,y:ft,Y:ht,Z:bt,"%":mt},C={a:function(e,t,a){var i=m.exec(t.slice(a));return i?(e.w=y[i[0].toLowerCase()],a+i[0].length):-1},A:function(e,t,a){var i=h.exec(t.slice(a));return i?(e.w=b[i[0].toLowerCase()],a+i[0].length):-1},b:function(e,t,a){var i=v.exec(t.slice(a));return i?(e.m=w[i[0].toLowerCase()],a+i[0].length):-1},B:function(e,t,a){var i=x.exec(t.slice(a));return i?(e.m=k[i[0].toLowerCase()],a+i[0].length):-1},c:function(e,t,n){return a(e,r,t,n)},d:je,e:je,H:qe,I:qe,j:Re,L:He,m:Ne,M:Fe,p:function(e,t,a){var i=g.exec(t.slice(a));return i?(e.p=f[i[0].toLowerCase()],a+i[0].length):-1},S:Pe,U:De,w:Ee,W:Me,x:function(e,t,n){return a(e,o,t,n)},X:function(e,t,n){return a(e,l,t,n)},y:Ue,Y:Oe,Z:Ie,"%":ze};return d.x=t(o,d),d.X=t(l,d),d.c=t(r,d),S.x=t(o,S),S.X=t(l,S),S.c=t(r,S),{format:function(e){var n=t(e+='',d);return n.toString=function(){return e},n},parse:function(e){var t=n(e+='',ve);return t.toString=function(){return e},t},utcFormat:function(e){var n=t(e+='',S);return n.toString=function(){return e},n},utcParse:function(e){var t=n(e,we);return t.toString=function(){return e},t}}}function Te(e,t,n){var i=0>e?'-':'',a=(i?-e:e)+'',d=a.length;return i+(dt?1:e>=t?0:NaN}function qt(e){return function(){this.removeAttribute(e)}}function Ft(e){return function(){this.removeAttributeNS(e.space,e.local)}}function Pt(e,t){return function(){this.setAttribute(e,t)}}function Ht(e,t){return function(){this.setAttributeNS(e.space,e.local,t)}}function zt(e,t){return function(){var n=t.apply(this,arguments);null==n?this.removeAttribute(e):this.setAttribute(e,n)}}function Yt(e,t){return function(){var n=t.apply(this,arguments);null==n?this.removeAttributeNS(e.space,e.local):this.setAttributeNS(e.space,e.local,n)}}function Bt(e){return function(){this.style.removeProperty(e)}}function Wt(e,t,n){return function(){this.style.setProperty(e,t,n)}}function Vt(e,t,n){return function(){var i=t.apply(this,arguments);null==i?this.style.removeProperty(e):this.style.setProperty(e,i,n)}}function Kt(e,t){return e.style.getPropertyValue(t)||vr(e).getComputedStyle(e,null).getPropertyValue(t)}function $t(e){return function(){delete this[e]}}function Xt(e,t){return function(){this[e]=t}}function Jt(e,t){return function(){var n=t.apply(this,arguments);null==n?delete this[e]:this[e]=n}}function Qt(e){return e.trim().split(/^|\s+/)}function Zt(e){return e.classList||new Gt(e)}function Gt(e){this._node=e,this._names=Qt(e.getAttribute('class')||'')}function en(e,t){for(var a=Zt(e),d=-1,i=t.length;++dUpdates and Corrections +

`,e.githubCompareUpdatesUrl&&(t+=`View all changes to this article since it was first published.`),t+=` + If you see mistakes or want to suggest changes, please create an issue on GitHub.

+ `);const n=e.journal;return'undefined'!=typeof n&&'Distill'===n.title&&(t+=` +

Reuse

+

Diagrams and text are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY 4.0 with the source available on GitHub, unless noted otherwise. The figures that have been reused from other sources don’t fall under this license and can be recognized by a note in their caption: “Figure from …”.

+ `),'undefined'!=typeof e.publishedDate&&(t+=` +

Citation

+

For attribution in academic contexts, please cite this work as

+
${e.concatenatedAuthors}, "${e.title}", Distill, ${e.publishedYear}.
+

BibTeX citation

+
${m(e)}
+ `),t}var An=Math.sqrt,En=Math.atan2,Dn=Math.sin,Mn=Math.cos,On=Math.PI,Un=Math.abs,In=Math.pow,Nn=Math.LN10,jn=Math.log,Rn=Math.max,qn=Math.ceil,Fn=Math.floor,Pn=Math.round,Hn=Math.min;const zn=['Sunday','Monday','Tuesday','Wednesday','Thursday','Friday','Saturday'],Bn=['Jan.','Feb.','March','April','May','June','July','Aug.','Sept.','Oct.','Nov.','Dec.'],Wn=(e)=>10>e?'0'+e:e,Vn=function(e){const t=zn[e.getDay()].substring(0,3),n=Wn(e.getDate()),i=Bn[e.getMonth()].substring(0,3),a=e.getFullYear().toString(),d=e.getUTCHours().toString(),r=e.getUTCMinutes().toString(),o=e.getUTCSeconds().toString();return`${t}, ${n} ${i} ${a} ${d}:${r}:${o} Z`},$n=function(e){const t=Array.from(e).reduce((e,[t,n])=>Object.assign(e,{[t]:n}),{});return t},Jn=function(e){const t=new Map;for(var n in e)e.hasOwnProperty(n)&&t.set(n,e[n]);return t};class Qn{constructor(e){this.name=e.author,this.personalURL=e.authorURL,this.affiliation=e.affiliation,this.affiliationURL=e.affiliationURL,this.affiliations=e.affiliations||[]}get firstName(){const e=this.name.split(' ');return e.slice(0,e.length-1).join(' ')}get lastName(){const e=this.name.split(' ');return e[e.length-1]}}class Gn{constructor(){this.title='unnamed article',this.description='',this.authors=[],this.bibliography=new Map,this.bibliographyParsed=!1,this.citations=[],this.citationsCollected=!1,this.journal={},this.katex={},this.publishedDate=void 0}set url(e){this._url=e}get url(){if(this._url)return this._url;return this.distillPath&&this.journal.url?this.journal.url+'/'+this.distillPath:this.journal.url?this.journal.url:void 0}get githubUrl(){return this.githubPath?'https://github.com/'+this.githubPath:void 0}set previewURL(e){this._previewURL=e}get previewURL(){return this._previewURL?this._previewURL:this.url+'/thumbnail.jpg'}get publishedDateRFC(){return Vn(this.publishedDate)}get updatedDateRFC(){return Vn(this.updatedDate)}get publishedYear(){return this.publishedDate.getFullYear()}get publishedMonth(){return Bn[this.publishedDate.getMonth()]}get publishedDay(){return this.publishedDate.getDate()}get publishedMonthPadded(){return Wn(this.publishedDate.getMonth()+1)}get publishedDayPadded(){return Wn(this.publishedDate.getDate())}get publishedISODateOnly(){return this.publishedDate.toISOString().split('T')[0]}get volume(){const e=this.publishedYear-2015;if(1>e)throw new Error('Invalid publish date detected during computing volume');return e}get issue(){return this.publishedDate.getMonth()+1}get concatenatedAuthors(){if(2{return e.lastName+', '+e.firstName}).join(' and ')}get slug(){let e='';return this.authors.length&&(e+=this.authors[0].lastName.toLowerCase(),e+=this.publishedYear,e+=this.title.split(' ')[0].toLowerCase()),e||'Untitled'}get bibliographyEntries(){return new Map(this.citations.map((e)=>{const t=this.bibliography.get(e);return[e,t]}))}set bibliography(e){e instanceof Map?this._bibliography=e:'object'==typeof e&&(this._bibliography=Jn(e))}get bibliography(){return this._bibliography}static fromObject(e){const t=new Gn;return Object.assign(t,e),t}assignToObject(e){Object.assign(e,this),e.bibliography=$n(this.bibliographyEntries),e.url=this.url,e.githubUrl=this.githubUrl,e.previewURL=this.previewURL,this.publishedDate&&(e.volume=this.volume,e.issue=this.issue,e.publishedDateRFC=this.publishedDateRFC,e.publishedYear=this.publishedYear,e.publishedMonth=this.publishedMonth,e.publishedDay=this.publishedDay,e.publishedMonthPadded=this.publishedMonthPadded,e.publishedDayPadded=this.publishedDayPadded),this.updatedDate&&(e.updatedDateRFC=this.updatedDateRFC),e.concatenatedAuthors=this.concatenatedAuthors,e.bibtexAuthors=this.bibtexAuthors,e.slug=this.slug}}const ei=(e)=>{return class extends e{constructor(){super();const e={childList:!0,characterData:!0,subtree:!0},t=new MutationObserver(()=>{t.disconnect(),this.renderIfPossible(),t.observe(this,e)});t.observe(this,e)}connectedCallback(){super.connectedCallback(),this.renderIfPossible()}renderIfPossible(){this.textContent&&this.root&&this.renderContent()}renderContent(){console.error(`Your class ${this.constructor.name} must provide a custom renderContent() method!`)}}},ti=(e,t,n=!0)=>{return(i)=>{const a=document.createElement('template');return a.innerHTML=t,n&&'ShadyCSS'in window&&ShadyCSS.prepareTemplate(a,e),class extends i{static get is(){return e}constructor(){super(),this.clone=document.importNode(a.content,!0),n&&(this.attachShadow({mode:'open'}),this.shadowRoot.appendChild(this.clone))}connectedCallback(){n?'ShadyCSS'in window&&ShadyCSS.styleElement(this):this.insertBefore(this.clone,this.firstChild)}get root(){return n?this.shadowRoot:this}$(e){return this.root.querySelector(e)}$$(e){return this.root.querySelectorAll(e)}}}};var ni='/*\n * Copyright 2018 The Distill Template Authors\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");\n * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,\n * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.\n */\n\nspan.katex-display {\n text-align: left;\n padding: 8px 0 8px 0;\n margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;\n}\n\nspan.katex {\n -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);\n font-size: 1.18em;\n}\n';const ii=function(e,t,n){let i=n,a=0;for(const d=e.length;i=a&&t.slice(i,i+d)===e)return i;'\\'===n?i++:'{'===n?a++:'}'===n&&a--;i++}return-1},ai=function(e,t,n,i){const a=[];for(let d=0;d',ui=ti('d-math',` +${ci} + + +`);class T extends ei(ui(HTMLElement)){static set katexOptions(e){T._katexOptions=e,T.katexOptions.delimiters&&(T.katexAdded?T.katexLoadedCallback():T.addKatex())}static get katexOptions(){return T._katexOptions||(T._katexOptions={delimiters:[{left:'$$',right:'$$',display:!1}]}),T._katexOptions}static katexLoadedCallback(){const e=document.querySelectorAll('d-math');for(const t of e)t.renderContent();if(T.katexOptions.delimiters){const e=document.querySelector('d-article');si(e,T.katexOptions)}}static addKatex(){document.head.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend',ci);const e=document.createElement('script');e.src='https://distill.pub/third-party/katex/katex.min.js',e.async=!0,e.onload=T.katexLoadedCallback,e.crossorigin='anonymous',document.head.appendChild(e),T.katexAdded=!0}get options(){const e={displayMode:this.hasAttribute('block')};return Object.assign(e,T.katexOptions)}connectedCallback(){super.connectedCallback(),T.katexAdded||T.addKatex()}renderContent(){if('undefined'!=typeof katex){const e=this.root.querySelector('#katex-container');katex.render(this.textContent,e,this.options)}}}T.katexAdded=!1,T.inlineMathRendered=!1,window.DMath=T;class pi extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'd-front-matter'}constructor(){super();const e=new MutationObserver((e)=>{for(const t of e)if('SCRIPT'===t.target.nodeName||'characterData'===t.type){const e=c(this);this.notify(e)}});e.observe(this,{childList:!0,characterData:!0,subtree:!0})}notify(e){const t=new CustomEvent('onFrontMatterChanged',{detail:e,bubbles:!0});document.dispatchEvent(t)}}var gi=function(e,t){const n=e.body,i=n.querySelector('d-article');if(!i)return void console.warn('No d-article tag found; skipping adding optional components!');let a=e.querySelector('d-byline');a||(t.authors?(a=e.createElement('d-byline'),n.insertBefore(a,i)):console.warn('No authors found in front matter; please add them before submission!'));let d=e.querySelector('d-title');d||(d=e.createElement('d-title'),n.insertBefore(d,a));let r=d.querySelector('h1');r||(r=e.createElement('h1'),r.textContent=t.title,d.insertBefore(r,d.firstChild));const o='undefined'!=typeof t.password;let l=n.querySelector('d-interstitial');if(o&&!l){const i='undefined'!=typeof window,a=i&&window.location.hostname.includes('localhost');i&&a||(l=e.createElement('d-interstitial'),l.password=t.password,n.insertBefore(l,n.firstChild))}else!o&&l&&l.parentElement.removeChild(this);let s=e.querySelector('d-appendix');s||(s=e.createElement('d-appendix'),e.body.appendChild(s));let c=e.querySelector('d-footnote-list');c||(c=e.createElement('d-footnote-list'),s.appendChild(c));let u=e.querySelector('d-citation-list');u||(u=e.createElement('d-citation-list'),s.appendChild(u))};const fi=new Gn,hi={frontMatter:fi,waitingOn:{bibliography:[],citations:[]},listeners:{onCiteKeyCreated(e){const[t,n]=e.detail;if(!fi.citationsCollected)return void hi.waitingOn.citations.push(()=>hi.listeners.onCiteKeyCreated(e));if(!fi.bibliographyParsed)return void hi.waitingOn.bibliography.push(()=>hi.listeners.onCiteKeyCreated(e));const i=n.map((e)=>fi.citations.indexOf(e));t.numbers=i;const a=n.map((e)=>fi.bibliography.get(e));t.entries=a},onCiteKeyChanged(){fi.citations=t(),fi.citationsCollected=!0;for(const e of hi.waitingOn.citations.slice())e();const e=document.querySelector('d-citation-list'),n=new Map(fi.citations.map((e)=>{return[e,fi.bibliography.get(e)]}));e.citations=n;const i=document.querySelectorAll('d-cite');for(const e of i){const t=e.keys,n=t.map((e)=>fi.citations.indexOf(e));e.numbers=n;const i=t.map((e)=>fi.bibliography.get(e));e.entries=i}},onCiteKeyRemoved(e){hi.listeners.onCiteKeyChanged(e)},onBibliographyChanged(e){const t=document.querySelector('d-citation-list'),n=e.detail;fi.bibliography=n,fi.bibliographyParsed=!0;for(const t of hi.waitingOn.bibliography.slice())t();if(!fi.citationsCollected)return void hi.waitingOn.citations.push(function(){hi.listeners.onBibliographyChanged({target:e.target,detail:e.detail})});if(t.hasAttribute('distill-prerendered'))console.info('Citation list was prerendered; not updating it.');else{const e=new Map(fi.citations.map((e)=>{return[e,fi.bibliography.get(e)]}));t.citations=e}},onFootnoteChanged(){const e=document.querySelector('d-footnote-list');if(e){const t=document.querySelectorAll('d-footnote');e.footnotes=t}},onFrontMatterChanged(t){const n=t.detail;e(fi,n);const i=document.querySelector('d-interstitial');i&&('undefined'==typeof fi.password?i.parentElement.removeChild(i):i.password=fi.password);const a=document.body.hasAttribute('distill-prerendered');if(!a&&u()){gi(document,fi);const e=document.querySelector('distill-appendix');e&&(e.frontMatter=fi);const t=document.querySelector('d-byline');t&&(t.frontMatter=fi),n.katex&&(T.katexOptions=n.katex)}},DOMContentLoaded(){if(hi.loaded)return void console.warn('Controller received DOMContentLoaded but was already loaded!');if(!u())return void console.warn('Controller received DOMContentLoaded before appropriate document.readyState!');hi.loaded=!0,console.log('Runlevel 4: Controller running DOMContentLoaded');const e=document.querySelector('d-front-matter'),n=c(e);hi.listeners.onFrontMatterChanged({detail:n}),fi.citations=t(),fi.citationsCollected=!0;for(const e of hi.waitingOn.citations.slice())e();if(fi.bibliographyParsed)for(const e of hi.waitingOn.bibliography.slice())e();const i=document.querySelector('d-footnote-list');if(i){const e=document.querySelectorAll('d-footnote');i.footnotes=e}}}};const bi='/*\n * Copyright 2018 The Distill Template Authors\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");\n * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,\n * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.\n */\n\nhtml {\n font-size: 14px;\n\tline-height: 1.6em;\n /* font-family: "Libre Franklin", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; */\n font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;\n /*, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";*/\n text-size-adjust: 100%;\n -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;\n -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 768px) {\n html {\n font-size: 16px;\n }\n}\n\nbody {\n margin: 0;\n}\n\na {\n color: #004276;\n}\n\nfigure {\n margin: 0;\n}\n\ntable {\n\tborder-collapse: collapse;\n\tborder-spacing: 0;\n}\n\ntable th {\n\ttext-align: left;\n}\n\ntable thead {\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);\n}\n\ntable thead th {\n padding-bottom: 0.5em;\n}\n\ntable tbody :first-child td {\n padding-top: 0.5em;\n}\n\npre {\n overflow: auto;\n max-width: 100%;\n}\n\np {\n margin-top: 0;\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n}\n\nsup, sub {\n vertical-align: baseline;\n position: relative;\n top: -0.4em;\n line-height: 1em;\n}\n\nsub {\n top: 0.4em;\n}\n\n.kicker,\n.marker {\n font-size: 15px;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);\n}\n\n\n/* Headline */\n\n@media(min-width: 1024px) {\n d-title h1 span {\n display: block;\n }\n}\n\n/* Figure */\n\nfigure {\n position: relative;\n margin-bottom: 2.5em;\n margin-top: 1.5em;\n}\n\nfigcaption+figure {\n\n}\n\nfigure img {\n width: 100%;\n}\n\nfigure svg text,\nfigure svg tspan {\n}\n\nfigcaption,\n.figcaption {\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);\n font-size: 12px;\n line-height: 1.5em;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 1024px) {\nfigcaption,\n.figcaption {\n font-size: 13px;\n }\n}\n\nfigure.external img {\n background: white;\n border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n box-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n padding: 18px;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n\nfigcaption a {\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);\n}\n\nfigcaption b,\nfigcaption strong, {\n font-weight: 600;\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0);\n}\n'+'/*\n * Copyright 2018 The Distill Template Authors\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");\n * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,\n * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.\n */\n\n@supports not (display: grid) {\n .base-grid,\n distill-header,\n d-title,\n d-abstract,\n d-article,\n d-appendix,\n distill-appendix,\n d-byline,\n d-footnote-list,\n d-citation-list,\n distill-footer {\n display: block;\n padding: 8px;\n }\n}\n\n.base-grid,\ndistill-header,\nd-title,\nd-abstract,\nd-article,\nd-appendix,\ndistill-appendix,\nd-byline,\nd-footnote-list,\nd-citation-list,\ndistill-footer {\n display: grid;\n justify-items: stretch;\n grid-template-columns: [screen-start] 8px [page-start kicker-start text-start gutter-start middle-start] 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr [text-end page-end gutter-end kicker-end middle-end] 8px [screen-end];\n grid-column-gap: 8px;\n}\n\n.grid {\n display: grid;\n grid-column-gap: 8px;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 768px) {\n .base-grid,\n distill-header,\n d-title,\n d-abstract,\n d-article,\n d-appendix,\n distill-appendix,\n d-byline,\n d-footnote-list,\n d-citation-list,\n distill-footer {\n grid-template-columns: [screen-start] 1fr [page-start kicker-start middle-start text-start] 45px 45px 45px 45px 45px 45px 45px 45px [ kicker-end text-end gutter-start] 45px [middle-end] 45px [page-end gutter-end] 1fr [screen-end];\n grid-column-gap: 16px;\n }\n\n .grid {\n grid-column-gap: 16px;\n }\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 1000px) {\n .base-grid,\n distill-header,\n d-title,\n d-abstract,\n d-article,\n d-appendix,\n distill-appendix,\n d-byline,\n d-footnote-list,\n d-citation-list,\n distill-footer {\n grid-template-columns: [screen-start] 1fr [page-start kicker-start] 50px [middle-start] 50px [text-start kicker-end] 50px 50px 50px 50px 50px 50px 50px 50px [text-end gutter-start] 50px [middle-end] 50px [page-end gutter-end] 1fr [screen-end];\n grid-column-gap: 16px;\n }\n\n .grid {\n grid-column-gap: 16px;\n }\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 1180px) {\n .base-grid,\n distill-header,\n d-title,\n d-abstract,\n d-article,\n d-appendix,\n distill-appendix,\n d-byline,\n d-footnote-list,\n d-citation-list,\n distill-footer {\n grid-template-columns: [screen-start] 1fr [page-start kicker-start] 60px [middle-start] 60px [text-start kicker-end] 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px [text-end gutter-start] 60px [middle-end] 60px [page-end gutter-end] 1fr [screen-end];\n grid-column-gap: 32px;\n }\n\n .grid {\n grid-column-gap: 32px;\n }\n}\n\n\n\n\n.base-grid {\n grid-column: screen;\n}\n\n/* .l-body,\nd-article > * {\n grid-column: text;\n}\n\n.l-page,\nd-title > *,\nd-figure {\n grid-column: page;\n} */\n\n.l-gutter {\n grid-column: gutter;\n}\n\n.l-text,\n.l-body {\n grid-column: text;\n}\n\n.l-page {\n grid-column: page;\n}\n\n.l-body-outset {\n grid-column: middle;\n}\n\n.l-page-outset {\n grid-column: page;\n}\n\n.l-screen {\n grid-column: screen;\n}\n\n.l-screen-inset {\n grid-column: screen;\n padding-left: 16px;\n padding-left: 16px;\n}\n\n\n/* Aside */\n\nd-article aside {\n grid-column: gutter;\n font-size: 12px;\n line-height: 1.6em;\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6)\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 768px) {\n aside {\n grid-column: gutter;\n }\n\n .side {\n grid-column: gutter;\n }\n}\n'+'/*\n * Copyright 2018 The Distill Template Authors\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");\n * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,\n * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.\n */\n\nd-title {\n padding: 2rem 0 1.5rem;\n contain: layout style;\n overflow-x: hidden;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 768px) {\n d-title {\n padding: 4rem 0 1.5rem;\n }\n}\n\nd-title h1 {\n grid-column: text;\n font-size: 40px;\n font-weight: 700;\n line-height: 1.1em;\n margin: 0 0 0.5rem;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 768px) {\n d-title h1 {\n font-size: 50px;\n }\n}\n\nd-title p {\n font-weight: 300;\n font-size: 1.2rem;\n line-height: 1.55em;\n grid-column: text;\n}\n\nd-title .status {\n margin-top: 0px;\n font-size: 12px;\n color: #009688;\n opacity: 0.8;\n grid-column: kicker;\n}\n\nd-title .status span {\n line-height: 1;\n display: inline-block;\n padding: 6px 0;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #80cbc4;\n font-size: 11px;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n}\n'+'/*\n * Copyright 2018 The Distill Template Authors\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");\n * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,\n * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.\n */\n\nd-byline {\n contain: content;\n overflow: hidden;\n border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n font-size: 0.8rem;\n line-height: 1.8em;\n padding: 1.5rem 0;\n min-height: 1.8em;\n}\n\n\nd-byline .byline {\n grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;\n grid-column: text;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 768px) {\n d-byline .byline {\n grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;\n }\n}\n\nd-byline .authors-affiliations {\n grid-column-end: span 2;\n grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 768px) {\n d-byline .authors-affiliations {\n margin-bottom: 0;\n }\n}\n\nd-byline h3 {\n font-size: 0.6rem;\n font-weight: 400;\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);\n margin: 0;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n}\n\nd-byline p {\n margin: 0;\n}\n\nd-byline a,\nd-article d-byline a {\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);\n text-decoration: none;\n border-bottom: none;\n}\n\nd-article d-byline a:hover {\n text-decoration: underline;\n border-bottom: none;\n}\n\nd-byline p.author {\n font-weight: 500;\n}\n\nd-byline .affiliations {\n\n}\n'+'/*\n * Copyright 2018 The Distill Template Authors\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");\n * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,\n * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.\n */\n\nd-article {\n contain: layout style;\n overflow-x: hidden;\n border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n padding-top: 2rem;\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);\n}\n\nd-article > * {\n grid-column: text;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 768px) {\n d-article {\n font-size: 16px;\n }\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 1024px) {\n d-article {\n font-size: 1.06rem;\n line-height: 1.7em;\n }\n}\n\n\n/* H2 */\n\n\nd-article .marker {\n text-decoration: none;\n border: none;\n counter-reset: section;\n grid-column: kicker;\n line-height: 1.7em;\n}\n\nd-article .marker:hover {\n border: none;\n}\n\nd-article .marker span {\n padding: 0 3px 4px;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);\n position: relative;\n top: 4px;\n}\n\nd-article .marker:hover span {\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);\n}\n\nd-article h2 {\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: 24px;\n line-height: 1.25em;\n margin: 2rem 0 1.5rem 0;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n padding-bottom: 1rem;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 1024px) {\n d-article h2 {\n font-size: 36px;\n }\n}\n\n/* H3 */\n\nd-article h3 {\n font-weight: 700;\n font-size: 18px;\n line-height: 1.4em;\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n margin-top: 2em;\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 1024px) {\n d-article h3 {\n font-size: 20px;\n }\n}\n\n/* H4 */\n\nd-article h4 {\n font-weight: 600;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n font-size: 14px;\n line-height: 1.4em;\n}\n\nd-article a {\n color: inherit;\n}\n\nd-article p,\nd-article ul,\nd-article ol,\nd-article blockquote {\n margin-top: 0;\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n margin-left: 0;\n margin-right: 0;\n}\n\nd-article blockquote {\n border-left: 2px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);\n padding-left: 2em;\n font-style: italic;\n color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);\n}\n\nd-article a {\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n\nd-article a:hover {\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);\n}\n\nd-article .link {\n text-decoration: underline;\n cursor: pointer;\n}\n\nd-article ul,\nd-article ol {\n padding-left: 24px;\n}\n\nd-article li {\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n margin-left: 0;\n padding-left: 0;\n}\n\nd-article li:last-child {\n margin-bottom: 0;\n}\n\nd-article pre {\n font-size: 14px;\n margin-bottom: 20px;\n}\n\nd-article hr {\n grid-column: screen;\n width: 100%;\n border: none;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n margin-top: 60px;\n margin-bottom: 60px;\n}\n\nd-article section {\n margin-top: 60px;\n margin-bottom: 60px;\n}\n\nd-article span.equation-mimic {\n font-family: georgia;\n font-size: 115%;\n font-style: italic;\n}\n\nd-article > d-code,\nd-article section > d-code {\n display: block;\n}\n\nd-article > d-math[block],\nd-article section > d-math[block] {\n display: block;\n}\n\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n d-article > d-code,\n d-article section > d-code,\n d-article > d-math[block],\n d-article section > d-math[block] {\n overflow-x: scroll;\n -ms-overflow-style: none; // IE 10+\n overflow: -moz-scrollbars-none; // Firefox\n }\n\n d-article > d-code::-webkit-scrollbar,\n d-article section > d-code::-webkit-scrollbar,\n d-article > d-math[block]::-webkit-scrollbar,\n d-article section > d-math[block]::-webkit-scrollbar {\n display: none; // Safari and Chrome\n }\n}\n\nd-article .citation {\n color: #668;\n cursor: pointer;\n}\n\nd-include {\n width: auto;\n display: block;\n}\n\nd-figure {\n contain: layout style;\n}\n\n/* KaTeX */\n\n.katex, .katex-prerendered {\n contain: style;\n display: inline-block;\n}\n\n/* Tables */\n\nd-article table {\n border-collapse: collapse;\n margin-bottom: 1.5rem;\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);\n}\n\nd-article table th {\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);\n}\n\nd-article table td {\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);\n}\n\nd-article table tr:last-of-type td {\n border-bottom: none;\n}\n\nd-article table th,\nd-article table td {\n font-size: 15px;\n padding: 2px 8px;\n}\n\nd-article table tbody :first-child td {\n padding-top: 2px;\n}\n'+ni+'/*\n * Copyright 2018 The Distill Template Authors\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");\n * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,\n * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.\n */\n\n@media print {\n\n @page {\n size: 8in 11in;\n @bottom-right {\n content: counter(page) " of " counter(pages);\n }\n }\n\n html {\n /* no general margins -- CSS Grid takes care of those */\n }\n\n p, code {\n page-break-inside: avoid;\n }\n\n h2, h3 {\n page-break-after: avoid;\n }\n\n d-header {\n visibility: hidden;\n }\n\n d-footer {\n display: none!important;\n }\n\n}\n',mi=[{name:'WebComponents',support:function(){return'customElements'in window&&'attachShadow'in Element.prototype&&'getRootNode'in Element.prototype&&'content'in document.createElement('template')&&'Promise'in window&&'from'in Array},url:'https://distill.pub/third-party/polyfills/webcomponents-lite.js'},{name:'IntersectionObserver',support:function(){return'IntersectionObserver'in window&&'IntersectionObserverEntry'in window},url:'https://distill.pub/third-party/polyfills/intersection-observer.js'}];class yi{static browserSupportsAllFeatures(){return mi.every((e)=>e.support())}static load(e){const t=function(t){t.loaded=!0,console.info('Runlevel 0: Polyfill has finished loading: '+t.name),yi.neededPolyfills.every((e)=>e.loaded)&&(console.info('Runlevel 0: All required polyfills have finished loading.'),console.info('Runlevel 0->1.'),window.distillRunlevel=1,e())};for(const n of yi.neededPolyfills)g(n,t)}static get neededPolyfills(){return yi._neededPolyfills||(yi._neededPolyfills=mi.filter((e)=>!e.support())),yi._neededPolyfills}}const xi=ti('d-abstract',` + + + +`);class ki extends xi(HTMLElement){}const vi=ti('d-appendix',` + + +`,!1);class wi extends vi(HTMLElement){}const Si=/^\s*$/;class Ci extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'd-article'}constructor(){super(),new MutationObserver((e)=>{for(const t of e)for(const e of t.addedNodes)switch(e.nodeName){case'#text':{const t=e.nodeValue;if(!Si.test(t)){console.warn('Use of unwrapped text in distill articles is discouraged as it breaks layout! Please wrap any text in a or

tag. We found the following text: '+t);const n=document.createElement('span');n.innerHTML=e.nodeValue,e.parentNode.insertBefore(n,e),e.parentNode.removeChild(e)}}}}).observe(this,{childList:!0})}}var Ti='undefined'==typeof window?'undefined'==typeof global?'undefined'==typeof self?{}:self:global:window,_i=f(function(e,t){(function(e){function t(){this.months=['jan','feb','mar','apr','may','jun','jul','aug','sep','oct','nov','dec'],this.notKey=[',','{','}',' ','='],this.pos=0,this.input='',this.entries=[],this.currentEntry='',this.setInput=function(e){this.input=e},this.getEntries=function(){return this.entries},this.isWhitespace=function(e){return' '==e||'\r'==e||'\t'==e||'\n'==e},this.match=function(e,t){if((void 0==t||null==t)&&(t=!0),this.skipWhitespace(t),this.input.substring(this.pos,this.pos+e.length)==e)this.pos+=e.length;else throw'Token mismatch, expected '+e+', found '+this.input.substring(this.pos);this.skipWhitespace(t)},this.tryMatch=function(e,t){return(void 0==t||null==t)&&(t=!0),this.skipWhitespace(t),this.input.substring(this.pos,this.pos+e.length)==e},this.matchAt=function(){for(;this.input.length>this.pos&&'@'!=this.input[this.pos];)this.pos++;return!('@'!=this.input[this.pos])},this.skipWhitespace=function(e){for(;this.isWhitespace(this.input[this.pos]);)this.pos++;if('%'==this.input[this.pos]&&!0==e){for(;'\n'!=this.input[this.pos];)this.pos++;this.skipWhitespace(e)}},this.value_braces=function(){var e=0;this.match('{',!1);for(var t=this.pos,n=!1;;){if(!n)if('}'==this.input[this.pos]){if(0=this.input.length-1)throw'Unterminated value';n='\\'==this.input[this.pos]&&!1==n,this.pos++}},this.value_comment=function(){for(var e='',t=0;!(this.tryMatch('}',!1)&&0==t);){if(e+=this.input[this.pos],'{'==this.input[this.pos]&&t++,'}'==this.input[this.pos]&&t--,this.pos>=this.input.length-1)throw'Unterminated value:'+this.input.substring(start);this.pos++}return e},this.value_quotes=function(){this.match('"',!1);for(var e=this.pos,t=!1;;){if(!t){if('"'==this.input[this.pos]){var n=this.pos;return this.match('"',!1),this.input.substring(e,n)}if(this.pos>=this.input.length-1)throw'Unterminated value:'+this.input.substring(e)}t='\\'==this.input[this.pos]&&!1==t,this.pos++}},this.single_value=function(){var e=this.pos;if(this.tryMatch('{'))return this.value_braces();if(this.tryMatch('"'))return this.value_quotes();var t=this.key();if(t.match('^[0-9]+$'))return t;if(0<=this.months.indexOf(t.toLowerCase()))return t.toLowerCase();throw'Value expected:'+this.input.substring(e)+' for key: '+t},this.value=function(){for(var e=[this.single_value()];this.tryMatch('#');)this.match('#'),e.push(this.single_value());return e.join('')},this.key=function(){for(var e=this.pos;;){if(this.pos>=this.input.length)throw'Runaway key';if(0<=this.notKey.indexOf(this.input[this.pos]))return this.input.substring(e,this.pos);this.pos++}},this.key_equals_value=function(){var e=this.key();if(this.tryMatch('=')){this.match('=');var t=this.value();return[e,t]}throw'... = value expected, equals sign missing:'+this.input.substring(this.pos)},this.key_value_list=function(){var e=this.key_equals_value();for(this.currentEntry.entryTags={},this.currentEntry.entryTags[e[0]]=e[1];this.tryMatch(',')&&(this.match(','),!this.tryMatch('}'));)e=this.key_equals_value(),this.currentEntry.entryTags[e[0]]=e[1]},this.entry_body=function(e){this.currentEntry={},this.currentEntry.citationKey=this.key(),this.currentEntry.entryType=e.substring(1),this.match(','),this.key_value_list(),this.entries.push(this.currentEntry)},this.directive=function(){return this.match('@'),'@'+this.key()},this.preamble=function(){this.currentEntry={},this.currentEntry.entryType='PREAMBLE',this.currentEntry.entry=this.value_comment(),this.entries.push(this.currentEntry)},this.comment=function(){this.currentEntry={},this.currentEntry.entryType='COMMENT',this.currentEntry.entry=this.value_comment(),this.entries.push(this.currentEntry)},this.entry=function(e){this.entry_body(e)},this.bibtex=function(){for(;this.matchAt();){var e=this.directive();this.match('{'),'@STRING'==e?this.string():'@PREAMBLE'==e?this.preamble():'@COMMENT'==e?this.comment():this.entry(e),this.match('}')}}}e.toJSON=function(e){var n=new t;return n.setInput(e),n.bibtex(),n.entries},e.toBibtex=function(e){var t='';for(var n in e){if(t+='@'+e[n].entryType,t+='{',e[n].citationKey&&(t+=e[n].citationKey+', '),e[n].entry&&(t+=e[n].entry),e[n].entryTags){var i='';for(var a in e[n].entryTags)0!=i.length&&(i+=', '),i+=a+'= {'+e[n].entryTags[a]+'}';t+=i}t+='}\n\n'}return t}})(t)});class Li extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'd-bibliography'}constructor(){super();const e=new MutationObserver((e)=>{for(const t of e)('SCRIPT'===t.target.nodeName||'characterData'===t.type)&&this.parseIfPossible()});e.observe(this,{childList:!0,characterData:!0,subtree:!0})}connectedCallback(){requestAnimationFrame(()=>{this.parseIfPossible()})}parseIfPossible(){const e=this.querySelector('script');if(e)if('text/bibtex'==e.type){const t=e.textContent;if(this.bibtex!==t){this.bibtex=t;const e=b(this.bibtex);this.notify(e)}}else if('text/json'==e.type){const t=new Map(JSON.parse(e.textContent));this.notify(t)}else console.warn('Unsupported bibliography script tag type: '+e.type)}notify(e){const t=new CustomEvent('onBibliographyChanged',{detail:e,bubbles:!0});this.dispatchEvent(t)}static get observedAttributes(){return['src']}receivedBibtex(e){const t=b(e.target.response);this.notify(t)}attributeChangedCallback(e,t,n){var i=new XMLHttpRequest;i.onload=(t)=>this.receivedBibtex(t),i.onerror=()=>console.warn(`Could not load Bibtex! (tried ${n})`),i.responseType='text',i.open('GET',n,!0),i.send()}}class Ai extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'd-byline'}set frontMatter(e){this.innerHTML=y(e)}}const Ei=ti('d-cite',` + + + + +

+ + +
+`);class Di extends Ei(HTMLElement){connectedCallback(){this.outerSpan=this.root.querySelector('#citation-'),this.innerSpan=this.root.querySelector('.citation-number'),this.hoverBox=this.root.querySelector('d-hover-box'),window.customElements.whenDefined('d-hover-box').then(()=>{this.hoverBox.listen(this)})}static get observedAttributes(){return['key']}attributeChangedCallback(e,t,n){const i=t?'onCiteKeyChanged':'onCiteKeyCreated',a=n.split(','),d={detail:[this,a],bubbles:!0},r=new CustomEvent(i,d);document.dispatchEvent(r)}set key(e){this.setAttribute('key',e)}get key(){return this.getAttribute('key')}get keys(){return this.getAttribute('key').split(',')}set numbers(e){const t=e.map((e)=>{return-1==e?'?':e+1+''}),n='['+t.join(', ')+']';this.innerSpan&&(this.innerSpan.textContent=n)}set entries(e){this.hoverBox&&(this.hoverBox.innerHTML=`
    + ${e.map(l).map((e)=>`
  • ${e}
  • `).join('\n')} +
`)}}const Mi=` +d-citation-list { + contain: layout style; +} + +d-citation-list .references { + grid-column: text; +} + +d-citation-list .references .title { + font-weight: 500; +} +`;class Oi extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'd-citation-list'}connectedCallback(){this.hasAttribute('distill-prerendered')||(this.style.display='none')}set citations(e){x(this,e)}}var Ui=f(function(e){var t='undefined'==typeof window?'undefined'!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?self:{}:window,n=function(){var e=/\blang(?:uage)?-(\w+)\b/i,n=0,a=t.Prism={util:{encode:function(e){return e instanceof i?new i(e.type,a.util.encode(e.content),e.alias):'Array'===a.util.type(e)?e.map(a.util.encode):e.replace(/&/g,'&').replace(/e.length)break tokenloop;if(!(y instanceof n)){c.lastIndex=0;var v=c.exec(y),w=1;if(!v&&f&&x!=d.length-1){if(c.lastIndex=i,v=c.exec(e),!v)break;for(var S=v.index+(g?v[1].length:0),C=v.index+v[0].length,T=x,k=i,p=d.length;T=k&&(++x,i=k);if(d[x]instanceof n||d[T-1].greedy)continue;w=T-x,y=e.slice(i,k),v.index-=i}if(v){g&&(h=v[1].length);var S=v.index+h,v=v[0].slice(h),C=S+v.length,_=y.slice(0,S),L=y.slice(C),A=[x,w];_&&A.push(_);var E=new n(o,u?a.tokenize(v,u):v,b,v,f);A.push(E),L&&A.push(L),Array.prototype.splice.apply(d,A)}}}}}return d},hooks:{all:{},add:function(e,t){var n=a.hooks.all;n[e]=n[e]||[],n[e].push(t)},run:function(e,t){var n=a.hooks.all[e];if(n&&n.length)for(var d,r=0;d=n[r++];)d(t)}}},i=a.Token=function(e,t,n,i,a){this.type=e,this.content=t,this.alias=n,this.length=0|(i||'').length,this.greedy=!!a};if(i.stringify=function(e,t,n){if('string'==typeof e)return e;if('Array'===a.util.type(e))return e.map(function(n){return i.stringify(n,t,e)}).join('');var d={type:e.type,content:i.stringify(e.content,t,n),tag:'span',classes:['token',e.type],attributes:{},language:t,parent:n};if('comment'==d.type&&(d.attributes.spellcheck='true'),e.alias){var r='Array'===a.util.type(e.alias)?e.alias:[e.alias];Array.prototype.push.apply(d.classes,r)}a.hooks.run('wrap',d);var l=Object.keys(d.attributes).map(function(e){return e+'="'+(d.attributes[e]||'').replace(/"/g,'"')+'"'}).join(' ');return'<'+d.tag+' class="'+d.classes.join(' ')+'"'+(l?' '+l:'')+'>'+d.content+''},!t.document)return t.addEventListener?(t.addEventListener('message',function(e){var n=JSON.parse(e.data),i=n.language,d=n.code,r=n.immediateClose;t.postMessage(a.highlight(d,a.languages[i],i)),r&&t.close()},!1),t.Prism):t.Prism;var d=document.currentScript||[].slice.call(document.getElementsByTagName('script')).pop();return d&&(a.filename=d.src,document.addEventListener&&!d.hasAttribute('data-manual')&&('loading'===document.readyState?document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',a.highlightAll):window.requestAnimationFrame?window.requestAnimationFrame(a.highlightAll):window.setTimeout(a.highlightAll,16))),t.Prism}();e.exports&&(e.exports=n),'undefined'!=typeof Ti&&(Ti.Prism=n),n.languages.markup={comment://,prolog:/<\?[\w\W]+?\?>/,doctype://i,cdata://i,tag:{pattern:/<\/?(?!\d)[^\s>\/=$<]+(?:\s+[^\s>\/=]+(?:=(?:("|')(?:\\\1|\\?(?!\1)[\w\W])*\1|[^\s'">=]+))?)*\s*\/?>/i,inside:{tag:{pattern:/^<\/?[^\s>\/]+/i,inside:{punctuation:/^<\/?/,namespace:/^[^\s>\/:]+:/}},"attr-value":{pattern:/=(?:('|")[\w\W]*?(\1)|[^\s>]+)/i,inside:{punctuation:/[=>"']/}},punctuation:/\/?>/,"attr-name":{pattern:/[^\s>\/]+/,inside:{namespace:/^[^\s>\/:]+:/}}}},entity:/&#?[\da-z]{1,8};/i},n.hooks.add('wrap',function(e){'entity'===e.type&&(e.attributes.title=e.content.replace(/&/,'&'))}),n.languages.xml=n.languages.markup,n.languages.html=n.languages.markup,n.languages.mathml=n.languages.markup,n.languages.svg=n.languages.markup,n.languages.css={comment:/\/\*[\w\W]*?\*\//,atrule:{pattern:/@[\w-]+?.*?(;|(?=\s*\{))/i,inside:{rule:/@[\w-]+/}},url:/url\((?:(["'])(\\(?:\r\n|[\w\W])|(?!\1)[^\\\r\n])*\1|.*?)\)/i,selector:/[^\{\}\s][^\{\};]*?(?=\s*\{)/,string:{pattern:/("|')(\\(?:\r\n|[\w\W])|(?!\1)[^\\\r\n])*\1/,greedy:!0},property:/(\b|\B)[\w-]+(?=\s*:)/i,important:/\B!important\b/i,function:/[-a-z0-9]+(?=\()/i,punctuation:/[(){};:]/},n.languages.css.atrule.inside.rest=n.util.clone(n.languages.css),n.languages.markup&&(n.languages.insertBefore('markup','tag',{style:{pattern:/()[\w\W]*?(?=<\/style>)/i,lookbehind:!0,inside:n.languages.css,alias:'language-css'}}),n.languages.insertBefore('inside','attr-value',{"style-attr":{pattern:/\s*style=("|').*?\1/i,inside:{"attr-name":{pattern:/^\s*style/i,inside:n.languages.markup.tag.inside},punctuation:/^\s*=\s*['"]|['"]\s*$/,"attr-value":{pattern:/.+/i,inside:n.languages.css}},alias:'language-css'}},n.languages.markup.tag)),n.languages.clike={comment:[{pattern:/(^|[^\\])#.*/,lookbehind:!0},{pattern:/(^|[^\\])\/\*[\w\W]*?\*\//,lookbehind:!0},{pattern:/(^|[^\\:])\/\/.*/,lookbehind:!0}],string:{pattern:/(["'])(\\(?:\r\n|[\s\S])|(?!\1)[^\\\r\n])*\1/,greedy:!0},"class-name":{pattern:/((?:\b(?:class|interface|extends|implements|trait|instanceof|new)\s+)|(?:catch\s+\())[a-z0-9_\.\\]+/i,lookbehind:!0,inside:{punctuation:/(\.|\\)/}},keyword:/\b(if|else|while|do|for|return|in|instanceof|function|new|try|throw|catch|finally|null|break|continue)\b/,boolean:/\b(true|false)\b/,function:/[a-z\.0-9_]+(?=\()/i,number:/\b-?(?:0x[\da-f]+|\d*\.?\d+(?:e[+-]?\d+)?)\b/i,operator:/--?|\+\+?|!=?=?|<=?|>=?|==?=?|&&?|\|\|?|\?|\*|\/|~|\^|%/,punctuation:/[{}[\];(),.:]/},n.languages.javascript=n.languages.extend('clike',{keyword:/\b(as|async|await|break|case|catch|class|const|continue|debugger|default|delete|do|else|enum|export|extends|finally|for|from|function|get|if|implements|import|in|instanceof|interface|let|new|null|of|package|private|protected|public|return|set|static|super|switch|this|throw|try|typeof|var|void|while|with|yield)\b/,number:/\b-?(0x[\dA-Fa-f]+|0b[01]+|0o[0-7]+|\d*\.?\d+([Ee][+-]?\d+)?|NaN|Infinity)\b/,function:/[_$a-zA-Z\xA0-\uFFFF][_$a-zA-Z0-9\xA0-\uFFFF]*(?=\()/i,operator:/--?|\+\+?|!=?=?|<=?|>=?|==?=?|&&?|\|\|?|\?|\*\*?|\/|~|\^|%|\.{3}/}),n.languages.insertBefore('javascript','keyword',{regex:{pattern:/(^|[^/])\/(?!\/)(\[.+?]|\\.|[^/\\\r\n])+\/[gimyu]{0,5}(?=\s*($|[\r\n,.;})]))/,lookbehind:!0,greedy:!0}}),n.languages.insertBefore('javascript','string',{"template-string":{pattern:/`(?:\\\\|\\?[^\\])*?`/,greedy:!0,inside:{interpolation:{pattern:/\$\{[^}]+\}/,inside:{"interpolation-punctuation":{pattern:/^\$\{|\}$/,alias:'punctuation'},rest:n.languages.javascript}},string:/[\s\S]+/}}}),n.languages.markup&&n.languages.insertBefore('markup','tag',{script:{pattern:/()[\w\W]*?(?=<\/script>)/i,lookbehind:!0,inside:n.languages.javascript,alias:'language-javascript'}}),n.languages.js=n.languages.javascript,function(){'undefined'!=typeof self&&self.Prism&&self.document&&document.querySelector&&(self.Prism.fileHighlight=function(){var e={js:'javascript',py:'python',rb:'ruby',ps1:'powershell',psm1:'powershell',sh:'bash',bat:'batch',h:'c',tex:'latex'};Array.prototype.forEach&&Array.prototype.slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('pre[data-src]')).forEach(function(t){for(var i,a=t.getAttribute('data-src'),d=t,r=/\blang(?:uage)?-(?!\*)(\w+)\b/i;d&&!r.test(d.className);)d=d.parentNode;if(d&&(i=(t.className.match(r)||[,''])[1]),!i){var o=(a.match(/\.(\w+)$/)||[,''])[1];i=e[o]||o}var l=document.createElement('code');l.className='language-'+i,t.textContent='',l.textContent='Loading\u2026',t.appendChild(l);var s=new XMLHttpRequest;s.open('GET',a,!0),s.onreadystatechange=function(){4==s.readyState&&(400>s.status&&s.responseText?(l.textContent=s.responseText,n.highlightElement(l)):400<=s.status?l.textContent='\u2716 Error '+s.status+' while fetching file: '+s.statusText:l.textContent='\u2716 Error: File does not exist or is empty')},s.send(null)})},document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',self.Prism.fileHighlight))}()});Prism.languages.python={"triple-quoted-string":{pattern:/"""[\s\S]+?"""|'''[\s\S]+?'''/,alias:'string'},comment:{pattern:/(^|[^\\])#.*/,lookbehind:!0},string:{pattern:/("|')(?:\\\\|\\?[^\\\r\n])*?\1/,greedy:!0},function:{pattern:/((?:^|\s)def[ \t]+)[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*(?=\()/g,lookbehind:!0},"class-name":{pattern:/(\bclass\s+)[a-z0-9_]+/i,lookbehind:!0},keyword:/\b(?:as|assert|async|await|break|class|continue|def|del|elif|else|except|exec|finally|for|from|global|if|import|in|is|lambda|pass|print|raise|return|try|while|with|yield)\b/,boolean:/\b(?:True|False)\b/,number:/\b-?(?:0[bo])?(?:(?:\d|0x[\da-f])[\da-f]*\.?\d*|\.\d+)(?:e[+-]?\d+)?j?\b/i,operator:/[-+%=]=?|!=|\*\*?=?|\/\/?=?|<[<=>]?|>[=>]?|[&|^~]|\b(?:or|and|not)\b/,punctuation:/[{}[\];(),.:]/},Prism.languages.clike={comment:[{pattern:/(^|[^\\])#.*/,lookbehind:!0},{pattern:/(^|[^\\])\/\*[\w\W]*?\*\//,lookbehind:!0},{pattern:/(^|[^\\:])\/\/.*/,lookbehind:!0}],string:{pattern:/(["'])(\\(?:\r\n|[\s\S])|(?!\1)[^\\\r\n])*\1/,greedy:!0},"class-name":{pattern:/((?:\b(?:class|interface|extends|implements|trait|instanceof|new)\s+)|(?:catch\s+\())[a-z0-9_\.\\]+/i,lookbehind:!0,inside:{punctuation:/(\.|\\)/}},keyword:/\b(if|else|while|do|for|return|in|instanceof|function|new|try|throw|catch|finally|null|break|continue)\b/,boolean:/\b(true|false)\b/,function:/[a-z\.0-9_]+(?=\()/i,number:/\b-?(?:0x[\da-f]+|\d*\.?\d+(?:e[+-]?\d+)?)\b/i,operator:/--?|\+\+?|!=?=?|<=?|>=?|==?=?|&&?|\|\|?|\?|\*|\/|~|\^|%/,punctuation:/[{}[\];(),.:]/},Prism.languages.lua={comment:/^#!.+|--(?:\[(=*)\[[\s\S]*?\]\1\]|.*)/m,string:{pattern:/(["'])(?:(?!\1)[^\\\r\n]|\\z(?:\r\n|\s)|\\(?:\r\n|[\s\S]))*\1|\[(=*)\[[\s\S]*?\]\2\]/,greedy:!0},number:/\b0x[a-f\d]+\.?[a-f\d]*(?:p[+-]?\d+)?\b|\b\d+(?:\.\B|\.?\d*(?:e[+-]?\d+)?\b)|\B\.\d+(?:e[+-]?\d+)?\b/i,keyword:/\b(?:and|break|do|else|elseif|end|false|for|function|goto|if|in|local|nil|not|or|repeat|return|then|true|until|while)\b/,function:/(?!\d)\w+(?=\s*(?:[({]))/,operator:[/[-+*%^&|#]|\/\/?|<[<=]?|>[>=]?|[=~]=?/,{pattern:/(^|[^.])\.\.(?!\.)/,lookbehind:!0}],punctuation:/[\[\](){},;]|\.+|:+/},function(e){var t={variable:[{pattern:/\$?\(\([\w\W]+?\)\)/,inside:{variable:[{pattern:/(^\$\(\([\w\W]+)\)\)/,lookbehind:!0},/^\$\(\(/],number:/\b-?(?:0x[\dA-Fa-f]+|\d*\.?\d+(?:[Ee]-?\d+)?)\b/,operator:/--?|-=|\+\+?|\+=|!=?|~|\*\*?|\*=|\/=?|%=?|<<=?|>>=?|<=?|>=?|==?|&&?|&=|\^=?|\|\|?|\|=|\?|:/,punctuation:/\(\(?|\)\)?|,|;/}},{pattern:/\$\([^)]+\)|`[^`]+`/,inside:{variable:/^\$\(|^`|\)$|`$/}},/\$(?:[a-z0-9_#\?\*!@]+|\{[^}]+\})/i]};e.languages.bash={shebang:{pattern:/^#!\s*\/bin\/bash|^#!\s*\/bin\/sh/,alias:'important'},comment:{pattern:/(^|[^"{\\])#.*/,lookbehind:!0},string:[{pattern:/((?:^|[^<])<<\s*)(?:"|')?(\w+?)(?:"|')?\s*\r?\n(?:[\s\S])*?\r?\n\2/g,lookbehind:!0,greedy:!0,inside:t},{pattern:/(["'])(?:\\\\|\\?[^\\])*?\1/g,greedy:!0,inside:t}],variable:t.variable,function:{pattern:/(^|\s|;|\||&)(?:alias|apropos|apt-get|aptitude|aspell|awk|basename|bash|bc|bg|builtin|bzip2|cal|cat|cd|cfdisk|chgrp|chmod|chown|chroot|chkconfig|cksum|clear|cmp|comm|command|cp|cron|crontab|csplit|cut|date|dc|dd|ddrescue|df|diff|diff3|dig|dir|dircolors|dirname|dirs|dmesg|du|egrep|eject|enable|env|ethtool|eval|exec|expand|expect|export|expr|fdformat|fdisk|fg|fgrep|file|find|fmt|fold|format|free|fsck|ftp|fuser|gawk|getopts|git|grep|groupadd|groupdel|groupmod|groups|gzip|hash|head|help|hg|history|hostname|htop|iconv|id|ifconfig|ifdown|ifup|import|install|jobs|join|kill|killall|less|link|ln|locate|logname|logout|look|lpc|lpr|lprint|lprintd|lprintq|lprm|ls|lsof|make|man|mkdir|mkfifo|mkisofs|mknod|more|most|mount|mtools|mtr|mv|mmv|nano|netstat|nice|nl|nohup|notify-send|npm|nslookup|open|op|passwd|paste|pathchk|ping|pkill|popd|pr|printcap|printenv|printf|ps|pushd|pv|pwd|quota|quotacheck|quotactl|ram|rar|rcp|read|readarray|readonly|reboot|rename|renice|remsync|rev|rm|rmdir|rsync|screen|scp|sdiff|sed|seq|service|sftp|shift|shopt|shutdown|sleep|slocate|sort|source|split|ssh|stat|strace|su|sudo|sum|suspend|sync|tail|tar|tee|test|time|timeout|times|touch|top|traceroute|trap|tr|tsort|tty|type|ulimit|umask|umount|unalias|uname|unexpand|uniq|units|unrar|unshar|uptime|useradd|userdel|usermod|users|uuencode|uudecode|v|vdir|vi|vmstat|wait|watch|wc|wget|whereis|which|who|whoami|write|xargs|xdg-open|yes|zip)(?=$|\s|;|\||&)/,lookbehind:!0},keyword:{pattern:/(^|\s|;|\||&)(?:let|:|\.|if|then|else|elif|fi|for|break|continue|while|in|case|function|select|do|done|until|echo|exit|return|set|declare)(?=$|\s|;|\||&)/,lookbehind:!0},boolean:{pattern:/(^|\s|;|\||&)(?:true|false)(?=$|\s|;|\||&)/,lookbehind:!0},operator:/&&?|\|\|?|==?|!=?|<<>|<=?|>=?|=~/,punctuation:/\$?\(\(?|\)\)?|\.\.|[{}[\];]/};var n=t.variable[1].inside;n['function']=e.languages.bash['function'],n.keyword=e.languages.bash.keyword,n.boolean=e.languages.bash.boolean,n.operator=e.languages.bash.operator,n.punctuation=e.languages.bash.punctuation}(Prism),Prism.languages.go=Prism.languages.extend('clike',{keyword:/\b(break|case|chan|const|continue|default|defer|else|fallthrough|for|func|go(to)?|if|import|interface|map|package|range|return|select|struct|switch|type|var)\b/,builtin:/\b(bool|byte|complex(64|128)|error|float(32|64)|rune|string|u?int(8|16|32|64|)|uintptr|append|cap|close|complex|copy|delete|imag|len|make|new|panic|print(ln)?|real|recover)\b/,boolean:/\b(_|iota|nil|true|false)\b/,operator:/[*\/%^!=]=?|\+[=+]?|-[=-]?|\|[=|]?|&(?:=|&|\^=?)?|>(?:>=?|=)?|<(?:<=?|=|-)?|:=|\.\.\./,number:/\b(-?(0x[a-f\d]+|(\d+\.?\d*|\.\d+)(e[-+]?\d+)?)i?)\b/i,string:/("|'|`)(\\?.|\r|\n)*?\1/}),delete Prism.languages.go['class-name'],Prism.languages.markdown=Prism.languages.extend('markup',{}),Prism.languages.insertBefore('markdown','prolog',{blockquote:{pattern:/^>(?:[\t ]*>)*/m,alias:'punctuation'},code:[{pattern:/^(?: {4}|\t).+/m,alias:'keyword'},{pattern:/``.+?``|`[^`\n]+`/,alias:'keyword'}],title:[{pattern:/\w+.*(?:\r?\n|\r)(?:==+|--+)/,alias:'important',inside:{punctuation:/==+$|--+$/}},{pattern:/(^\s*)#+.+/m,lookbehind:!0,alias:'important',inside:{punctuation:/^#+|#+$/}}],hr:{pattern:/(^\s*)([*-])([\t ]*\2){2,}(?=\s*$)/m,lookbehind:!0,alias:'punctuation'},list:{pattern:/(^\s*)(?:[*+-]|\d+\.)(?=[\t ].)/m,lookbehind:!0,alias:'punctuation'},"url-reference":{pattern:/!?\[[^\]]+\]:[\t ]+(?:\S+|<(?:\\.|[^>\\])+>)(?:[\t ]+(?:"(?:\\.|[^"\\])*"|'(?:\\.|[^'\\])*'|\((?:\\.|[^)\\])*\)))?/,inside:{variable:{pattern:/^(!?\[)[^\]]+/,lookbehind:!0},string:/(?:"(?:\\.|[^"\\])*"|'(?:\\.|[^'\\])*'|\((?:\\.|[^)\\])*\))$/,punctuation:/^[\[\]!:]|[<>]/},alias:'url'},bold:{pattern:/(^|[^\\])(\*\*|__)(?:(?:\r?\n|\r)(?!\r?\n|\r)|.)+?\2/,lookbehind:!0,inside:{punctuation:/^\*\*|^__|\*\*$|__$/}},italic:{pattern:/(^|[^\\])([*_])(?:(?:\r?\n|\r)(?!\r?\n|\r)|.)+?\2/,lookbehind:!0,inside:{punctuation:/^[*_]|[*_]$/}},url:{pattern:/!?\[[^\]]+\](?:\([^\s)]+(?:[\t ]+"(?:\\.|[^"\\])*")?\)| ?\[[^\]\n]*\])/,inside:{variable:{pattern:/(!?\[)[^\]]+(?=\]$)/,lookbehind:!0},string:{pattern:/"(?:\\.|[^"\\])*"(?=\)$)/}}}}),Prism.languages.markdown.bold.inside.url=Prism.util.clone(Prism.languages.markdown.url),Prism.languages.markdown.italic.inside.url=Prism.util.clone(Prism.languages.markdown.url),Prism.languages.markdown.bold.inside.italic=Prism.util.clone(Prism.languages.markdown.italic),Prism.languages.markdown.italic.inside.bold=Prism.util.clone(Prism.languages.markdown.bold),Prism.languages.julia={comment:{pattern:/(^|[^\\])#.*/,lookbehind:!0},string:/"""[\s\S]+?"""|'''[\s\S]+?'''|("|')(\\?.)*?\1/,keyword:/\b(abstract|baremodule|begin|bitstype|break|catch|ccall|const|continue|do|else|elseif|end|export|finally|for|function|global|if|immutable|import|importall|let|local|macro|module|print|println|quote|return|try|type|typealias|using|while)\b/,boolean:/\b(true|false)\b/,number:/\b-?(0[box])?(?:[\da-f]+\.?\d*|\.\d+)(?:[efp][+-]?\d+)?j?\b/i,operator:/\+=?|-=?|\*=?|\/[\/=]?|\\=?|\^=?|%=?|÷=?|!=?=?|&=?|\|[=>]?|\$=?|<(?:<=?|[=:])?|>(?:=|>>?=?)?|==?=?|[~≠≤≥]/,punctuation:/[{}[\];(),.:]/};const Ii=ti('d-code',` + + + + +`);class Ni extends ei(Ii(HTMLElement)){renderContent(){if(this.languageName=this.getAttribute('language'),!this.languageName)return void console.warn('You need to provide a language attribute to your block to let us know how to highlight your code; e.g.:\n zeros = np.zeros(shape).');const e=Ui.languages[this.languageName];if(void 0==e)return void console.warn(`Distill does not yet support highlighting your code block in "${this.languageName}'.`);let t=this.textContent;const n=this.shadowRoot.querySelector('#code-container');if(this.hasAttribute('block')){t=t.replace(/\n/,'');const e=t.match(/\s*/);if(t=t.replace(new RegExp('\n'+e,'g'),'\n'),t=t.trim(),n.parentNode instanceof ShadowRoot){const e=document.createElement('pre');this.shadowRoot.removeChild(n),e.appendChild(n),this.shadowRoot.appendChild(e)}}n.className=`language-${this.languageName}`,n.innerHTML=Ui.highlight(t,e)}}const ji=ti('d-footnote',` + + + +
+ +
+
+ + + + + +`);class Ri extends ji(HTMLElement){constructor(){super();const e=new MutationObserver(this.notify);e.observe(this,{childList:!0,characterData:!0,subtree:!0})}notify(){const e={detail:this,bubbles:!0},t=new CustomEvent('onFootnoteChanged',e);document.dispatchEvent(t)}connectedCallback(){this.hoverBox=this.root.querySelector('d-hover-box'),window.customElements.whenDefined('d-hover-box').then(()=>{this.hoverBox.listen(this)}),Ri.currentFootnoteId+=1;const e=Ri.currentFootnoteId.toString();this.root.host.id='d-footnote-'+e;const t='dt-fn-hover-box-'+e;this.hoverBox.id=t;const n=this.root.querySelector('#fn-');n.setAttribute('id','fn-'+e),n.setAttribute('data-hover-ref',t),n.textContent=e}}Ri.currentFootnoteId=0;const qi=ti('d-footnote-list',` + + +

Footnotes

+
    +`,!1);class Fi extends qi(HTMLElement){connectedCallback(){super.connectedCallback(),this.list=this.root.querySelector('ol'),this.root.style.display='none'}set footnotes(e){if(this.list.innerHTML='',e.length){this.root.style.display='';for(const t of e){const e=document.createElement('li');e.id=t.id+'-listing',e.innerHTML=t.innerHTML;const n=document.createElement('a');n.setAttribute('class','footnote-backlink'),n.textContent='[\u21A9]',n.href='#'+t.id,e.appendChild(n),this.list.appendChild(e)}}else this.root.style.display='none'}}const Pi=ti('d-hover-box',` + + +
    +
    + +
    +
    +`);class Hi extends Pi(HTMLElement){constructor(){super()}connectedCallback(){}listen(e){this.bindDivEvents(this),this.bindTriggerEvents(e)}bindDivEvents(e){e.addEventListener('mouseover',()=>{this.visible||this.showAtNode(e),this.stopTimeout()}),e.addEventListener('mouseout',()=>{this.extendTimeout(500)}),e.addEventListener('touchstart',(e)=>{e.stopPropagation()},{passive:!0}),document.body.addEventListener('touchstart',()=>{this.hide()},{passive:!0})}bindTriggerEvents(e){e.addEventListener('mouseover',()=>{this.visible||this.showAtNode(e),this.stopTimeout()}),e.addEventListener('mouseout',()=>{this.extendTimeout(300)}),e.addEventListener('touchstart',(t)=>{this.visible?this.hide():this.showAtNode(e),t.stopPropagation()},{passive:!0})}show(e){this.visible=!0,this.style.display='block',this.style.top=Pn(e[1]+10)+'px'}showAtNode(e){const t=e.getBoundingClientRect();this.show([e.offsetLeft+t.width,e.offsetTop+t.height])}hide(){this.visible=!1,this.style.display='none',this.stopTimeout()}stopTimeout(){this.timeout&&clearTimeout(this.timeout)}extendTimeout(e){this.stopTimeout(),this.timeout=setTimeout(()=>{this.hide()},e)}}class zi extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'd-title'}}const Yi=ti('d-references',` + +`,!1);class Bi extends Yi(HTMLElement){}class Wi extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'd-toc'}connectedCallback(){this.getAttribute('prerendered')||(window.onload=()=>{const e=document.querySelector('d-article'),t=e.querySelectorAll('h2, h3');k(this,t)})}}class Vi extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'd-figure'}static get readyQueue(){return Vi._readyQueue||(Vi._readyQueue=[]),Vi._readyQueue}static addToReadyQueue(e){-1===Vi.readyQueue.indexOf(e)&&(Vi.readyQueue.push(e),Vi.runReadyQueue())}static runReadyQueue(){const e=Vi.readyQueue.sort((e,t)=>e._seenOnScreen-t._seenOnScreen).filter((e)=>!e._ready).pop();e&&(e.ready(),requestAnimationFrame(Vi.runReadyQueue))}constructor(){super(),this._ready=!1,this._onscreen=!1,this._offscreen=!0}connectedCallback(){this.loadsWhileScrolling=this.hasAttribute('loadsWhileScrolling'),Vi.marginObserver.observe(this),Vi.directObserver.observe(this)}disconnectedCallback(){Vi.marginObserver.unobserve(this),Vi.directObserver.unobserve(this)}static get marginObserver(){if(!Vi._marginObserver){const e=window.innerHeight,t=Fn(2*e),n=Vi.didObserveMarginIntersection,i=new IntersectionObserver(n,{rootMargin:t+'px 0px '+t+'px 0px',threshold:0.01});Vi._marginObserver=i}return Vi._marginObserver}static didObserveMarginIntersection(e){for(const t of e){const e=t.target;t.isIntersecting&&!e._ready&&Vi.addToReadyQueue(e)}}static get directObserver(){return Vi._directObserver||(Vi._directObserver=new IntersectionObserver(Vi.didObserveDirectIntersection,{rootMargin:'0px',threshold:[0,1]})),Vi._directObserver}static didObserveDirectIntersection(e){for(const t of e){const e=t.target;t.isIntersecting?(e._seenOnScreen=new Date,e._offscreen&&e.onscreen()):e._onscreen&&e.offscreen()}}addEventListener(e,t){super.addEventListener(e,t),'ready'===e&&-1!==Vi.readyQueue.indexOf(this)&&(this._ready=!1,Vi.runReadyQueue()),'onscreen'===e&&this.onscreen()}ready(){this._ready=!0,Vi.marginObserver.unobserve(this);const e=new CustomEvent('ready');this.dispatchEvent(e)}onscreen(){this._onscreen=!0,this._offscreen=!1;const e=new CustomEvent('onscreen');this.dispatchEvent(e)}offscreen(){this._onscreen=!1,this._offscreen=!0;const e=new CustomEvent('offscreen');this.dispatchEvent(e)}}if('undefined'!=typeof window){Vi.isScrolling=!1;let e;window.addEventListener('scroll',()=>{Vi.isScrolling=!0,clearTimeout(e),e=setTimeout(()=>{Vi.isScrolling=!1,Vi.runReadyQueue()},500)},!0)}const Ki=ti('d-interstitial',` + + +
    +
    +

    This article is in review.

    +

    Do not share this URL or the contents of this article. Thank you!

    + +

    Enter the password we shared with you as part of the review process to view the article.

    +
    +
    +`);class $i extends Ki(HTMLElement){connectedCallback(){if(this.shouldRemoveSelf())this.parentElement.removeChild(this);else{const e=this.root.querySelector('#interstitial-password-input');e.oninput=(e)=>this.passwordChanged(e)}}passwordChanged(e){const t=e.target.value;t===this.password&&(console.log('Correct password entered.'),this.parentElement.removeChild(this),'undefined'!=typeof Storage&&(console.log('Saved that correct password was entered.'),localStorage.setItem(this.localStorageIdentifier(),'true')))}shouldRemoveSelf(){return window&&window.location.hostname==='distill.pub'?(console.warn('Interstitial found on production, hiding it.'),!0):'undefined'!=typeof Storage&&'true'===localStorage.getItem(this.localStorageIdentifier())&&(console.log('Loaded that correct password was entered before; skipping interstitial.'),!0)}localStorageIdentifier(){return'distill-drafts'+(window?window.location.pathname:'-')+'interstitial-password-correct'}}var Xi=function(e,t){return et?1:e>=t?0:NaN},Ji=function(e){return 1===e.length&&(e=v(e)),{left:function(t,n,i,a){for(null==i&&(i=0),null==a&&(a=t.length);i>>1;0>e(t[d],n)?i=d+1:a=d}return i},right:function(t,n,i,a){for(null==i&&(i=0),null==a&&(a=t.length);i>>1;0(i=arguments.length)?(t=e,e=0,1):3>i?1:+a;for(var d=-1,i=0|Rn(0,qn((t-e)/a)),n=Array(i);++d=this.r&&0<=this.g&&255>=this.g&&0<=this.b&&255>=this.b&&0<=this.opacity&&1>=this.opacity},toString:function(){var e=this.opacity;return e=isNaN(e)?1:Rn(0,Hn(1,e)),(1===e?'rgb(':'rgba(')+Rn(0,Hn(255,Pn(this.r)||0))+', '+Rn(0,Hn(255,Pn(this.g)||0))+', '+Rn(0,Hn(255,Pn(this.b)||0))+(1===e?')':', '+e+')')}})),ra(F,function(e,t,n,i){return 1===arguments.length?q(e):new F(e,t,n,null==i?1:i)},_(L,{brighter:function(e){return e=null==e?la:In(la,e),new F(this.h,this.s,this.l*e,this.opacity)},darker:function(e){return e=null==e?oa:In(oa,e),new F(this.h,this.s,this.l*e,this.opacity)},rgb:function(){var e=this.h%360+360*(0>this.h),t=isNaN(e)||isNaN(this.s)?0:this.s,n=this.l,i=n+(0.5>n?n:1-n)*t,a=2*n-i;return new j(P(240<=e?e-240:e+120,a,i),P(e,a,i),P(120>e?e+240:e-120,a,i),this.opacity)},displayable:function(){return(0<=this.s&&1>=this.s||isNaN(this.s))&&0<=this.l&&1>=this.l&&0<=this.opacity&&1>=this.opacity}}));var ya=On/180,xa=180/On,ka=18,Kn=0.95047,Xn=1,Yn=1.08883,Zn=4/29,va=6/29,wa=3*va*va,Sa=va*va*va;ra(Y,function(e,t,n,i){return 1===arguments.length?H(e):new Y(e,t,n,null==i?1:i)},_(L,{brighter:function(e){return new Y(this.l+ka*(null==e?1:e),this.a,this.b,this.opacity)},darker:function(e){return new Y(this.l-ka*(null==e?1:e),this.a,this.b,this.opacity)},rgb:function(){var e=(this.l+16)/116,t=isNaN(this.a)?e:e+this.a/500,n=isNaN(this.b)?e:e-this.b/200;return e=Xn*V(e),t=Kn*V(t),n=Yn*V(n),new j(K(3.2404542*t-1.5371385*e-0.4985314*n),K(-0.969266*t+1.8760108*e+0.041556*n),K(0.0556434*t-0.2040259*e+1.0572252*n),this.opacity)}})),ra(X,function(e,t,n,i){return 1===arguments.length?z(e):new X(e,t,n,null==i?1:i)},_(L,{brighter:function(e){return new X(this.h,this.c,this.l+ka*(null==e?1:e),this.opacity)},darker:function(e){return new X(this.h,this.c,this.l-ka*(null==e?1:e),this.opacity)},rgb:function(){return H(this).rgb()}}));var Ca=-0.14861,A=+1.78277,B=-0.29227,C=-0.90649,D=+1.97294,E=D*C,Ta=D*A,_a=A*B-C*Ca;ra(Z,Q,_(L,{brighter:function(e){return e=null==e?la:In(la,e),new Z(this.h,this.s,this.l*e,this.opacity)},darker:function(e){return e=null==e?oa:In(oa,e),new Z(this.h,this.s,this.l*e,this.opacity)},rgb:function(){var e=isNaN(this.h)?0:(this.h+120)*ya,t=+this.l,n=isNaN(this.s)?0:this.s*t*(1-t),i=Mn(e),a=Dn(e);return new j(255*(t+n*(Ca*i+A*a)),255*(t+n*(B*i+C*a)),255*(t+n*(D*i)),this.opacity)}}));var La=function(e){return function(){return e}},Aa=function e(t){function n(e,t){var n=i((e=N(e)).r,(t=N(t)).r),a=i(e.g,t.g),d=i(e.b,t.b),r=ne(e.opacity,t.opacity);return function(i){return e.r=n(i),e.g=a(i),e.b=d(i),e.opacity=r(i),e+''}}var i=te(t);return n.gamma=e,n}(1),Ea=function(e,t){var n,i=t?t.length:0,a=e?Hn(i,e.length):0,d=Array(i),r=Array(i);for(n=0;nr&&(d=n.slice(r,d),l[o]?l[o]+=d:l[++o]=d),(t=t[0])===(a=a[0])?l[o]?l[o]+=a:l[++o]=a:(l[++o]=null,s.push({i:o,x:Ma(t,a)})),r=Ia.lastIndex;return rl.length?s[0]?ae(s[0].x):ie(n):(n=s.length,function(e){for(var t,a=0;an?n-360*Pn(n/360):n):La(isNaN(e)?t:e)});var qa,Fa=de(ne),Pa=function(e){return function(){return e}},Ha=function(e){return+e},za=[0,1],Ya=function(e,t){if(0>(n=(e=t?e.toExponential(t-1):e.toExponential()).indexOf('e')))return null;var n,i=e.slice(0,n);return[1d&&(o=Rn(1,d-l)),i.push(a.substring(r-=o,r+o)),!((l+=o+1)>d));)o=e[t=(t+1)%e.length];return i.reverse().join(n)}},Va=function(e){return function(t){return t.replace(/[0-9]/g,function(t){return e[+t]})}},Ka=function(e,t){var n=Ya(e,t);if(!n)return e+'';var i=n[0],a=n[1];return 0>a?'0.'+Array(-a).join('0')+i:i.length>a+1?i.slice(0,a+1)+'.'+i.slice(a+1):i+Array(a-i.length+2).join('0')},$a={"":function(e,t){e=e.toPrecision(t);out:for(var a,d=e.length,n=1,i=-1;ni?r+Array(l-i+1).join('0'):0=^]))?([+\-\( ])?([$#])?(0)?(\d+)?(,)?(\.\d+)?([a-z%])?$/i;fe.prototype=he.prototype,he.prototype.toString=function(){return this.fill+this.align+this.sign+this.symbol+(this.zero?'0':'')+(null==this.width?'':Rn(1,0|this.width))+(this.comma?',':'')+(null==this.precision?'':'.'+Rn(0,0|this.precision))+this.type};var re,Ja,Qa,Za=function(e){return e},Ga=['y','z','a','f','p','n','\xB5','m','','k','M','G','T','P','E','Z','Y'],ed=function(e){function t(e){function t(e){var t,i,n,c=b,k=m;if('c'===h)k=y(e)+k,e='';else{e=+e;var v=0>e;if(e=y(Un(e),f),v&&0==+e&&(v=!1),c=(v?'('===s?s:'-':'-'===s||'('===s?'':s)+c,k=k+('s'===h?Ga[8+qa/3]:'')+(v&&'('===s?')':''),x)for(t=-1,i=e.length;++tn||57>1)+c+e+k+S.slice(w);break;default:e=S+c+e+k;}return r(e)}e=fe(e);var o=e.fill,l=e.align,s=e.sign,c=e.symbol,u=e.zero,p=e.width,g=e.comma,f=e.precision,h=e.type,b='$'===c?n[0]:'#'===c&&/[boxX]/.test(h)?'0'+h.toLowerCase():'',m='$'===c?n[1]:/[%p]/.test(h)?i:'',y=$a[h],x=!h||/[defgprs%]/.test(h);return f=null==f?h?6:12:/[gprs]/.test(h)?Rn(1,Hn(21,f)):Rn(0,Hn(20,f)),t.toString=function(){return e+''},t}var a=e.grouping&&e.thousands?Wa(e.grouping,e.thousands):Za,n=e.currency,d=e.decimal,r=e.numerals?Va(e.numerals):Za,i=e.percent||'%';return{format:t,formatPrefix:function(n,i){var a=t((n=fe(n),n.type='f',n)),d=3*Rn(-8,Hn(8,Fn(Ba(i)/3))),r=In(10,-d),o=Ga[8+d/3];return function(e){return a(r*e)+o}}}};(function(e){return re=ed(e),Ja=re.format,Qa=re.formatPrefix,re})({decimal:'.',thousands:',',grouping:[3],currency:['$','']});var td=function(e){return Rn(0,-Ba(Un(e)))},nd=function(e,t){return Rn(0,3*Rn(-8,Hn(8,Fn(Ba(t)/3)))-Ba(Un(e)))},id=function(e,t){return e=Un(e),t=Un(t)-e,Rn(0,Ba(t)-Ba(e))+1},ad=function(e,t,n){var i,a=e[0],d=e[e.length-1],r=S(a,d,null==t?10:t);switch(n=fe(null==n?',f':n),n.type){case's':{var o=Rn(Un(a),Un(d));return null!=n.precision||isNaN(i=nd(r,o))||(n.precision=i),Qa(n,o)}case'':case'e':case'g':case'p':case'r':{null!=n.precision||isNaN(i=id(r,Rn(Un(a),Un(d))))||(n.precision=i-('e'===n.type));break}case'f':case'%':{null!=n.precision||isNaN(i=td(r))||(n.precision=i-2*('%'===n.type));break}}return Ja(n)},dd=new Date,rd=new Date,od=ye(function(){},function(e,t){e.setTime(+e+t)},function(e,t){return t-e});od.every=function(e){return e=Fn(e),isFinite(e)&&0t&&(t+=cd),e.setTime(Fn((+e-t)/cd)*cd+t)},function(e,t){e.setTime(+e+t*cd)},function(e,t){return(t-e)/cd},function(e){return e.getHours()}),bd=ye(function(e){e.setHours(0,0,0,0)},function(e,t){e.setDate(e.getDate()+t)},function(e,t){return(t-e-(t.getTimezoneOffset()-e.getTimezoneOffset())*sd)/ud},function(e){return e.getDate()-1}),md=xe(0),yd=xe(1),xd=xe(2),kd=xe(3),vd=xe(4),wd=xe(5),Sd=xe(6),Cd=ye(function(e){e.setDate(1),e.setHours(0,0,0,0)},function(e,t){e.setMonth(e.getMonth()+t)},function(e,t){return t.getMonth()-e.getMonth()+12*(t.getFullYear()-e.getFullYear())},function(e){return e.getMonth()}),Td=ye(function(e){e.setMonth(0,1),e.setHours(0,0,0,0)},function(e,t){e.setFullYear(e.getFullYear()+t)},function(e,t){return t.getFullYear()-e.getFullYear()},function(e){return e.getFullYear()});Td.every=function(e){return isFinite(e=Fn(e))&&0arguments.length){for(;++ot&&(this._names.push(e),this._node.setAttribute('class',this._names.join(' ')))},remove:function(e){var t=this._names.indexOf(e);0<=t&&(this._names.splice(t,1),this._node.setAttribute('class',this._names.join(' ')))},contains:function(e){return 0<=this._names.indexOf(e)}};var wr=[null];xn.prototype=function(){return new xn([[document.documentElement]],wr)}.prototype={constructor:xn,select:function(e){'function'!=typeof e&&(e=br(e));for(var t=this._groups,a=t.length,d=Array(a),r=0;r=v&&(v=k+1);!(x=b[v])&&++varguments.length){var i=this.node();return n.local?i.getAttributeNS(n.space,n.local):i.getAttribute(n)}return this.each((null==t?n.local?Ft:qt:'function'==typeof t?n.local?Yt:zt:n.local?Ht:Pt)(n,t))},style:function(e,t,n){return 1arguments.length){for(var d=Zt(this.node()),r=-1,i=a.length;++rarguments.length){var n=this.node().__on;if(n)for(var s,o=0,c=n.length;oarguments.length&&(a=t,t=gr().changedTouches);for(var d,r=0,i=t?t.length:0;rx}b.mouse('drag')}function i(){Sr(ur.view).on('mousemove.drag mouseup.drag',null),vn(ur.view,c),Tr(),b.mouse('end')}function a(){if(p.apply(this,arguments)){var e,t,i=ur.changedTouches,a=g.apply(this,arguments),d=i.length;for(e=0;e + :host { + position: relative; + display: inline-block; + } + + :host(:focus) { + outline: none; + } + + .background { + padding: 9px 0; + color: white; + position: relative; + } + + .track { + height: 3px; + width: 100%; + border-radius: 2px; + background-color: hsla(0, 0%, 0%, 0.2); + } + + .track-fill { + position: absolute; + top: 9px; + height: 3px; + border-radius: 4px; + background-color: hsl(24, 100%, 50%); + } + + .knob-container { + position: absolute; + top: 10px; + } + + .knob { + position: absolute; + top: -6px; + left: -6px; + width: 13px; + height: 13px; + background-color: hsl(24, 100%, 50%); + border-radius: 50%; + transition-property: transform; + transition-duration: 0.18s; + transition-timing-function: ease; + } + .mousedown .knob { + transform: scale(1.5); + } + + .knob-highlight { + position: absolute; + top: -6px; + left: -6px; + width: 13px; + height: 13px; + background-color: hsla(0, 0%, 0%, 0.1); + border-radius: 50%; + transition-property: transform; + transition-duration: 0.18s; + transition-timing-function: ease; + } + + .focus .knob-highlight { + transform: scale(2); + } + + .ticks { + position: absolute; + top: 16px; + height: 4px; + width: 100%; + z-index: -1; + } + + .ticks .tick { + position: absolute; + height: 100%; + border-left: 1px solid hsla(0, 0%, 0%, 0.2); + } + + + +
    +
    +
    +
    +
    +
    +
    +
    +
    +`),Dr={left:37,up:38,right:39,down:40,pageUp:33,pageDown:34,end:35,home:36};class Mr extends Er(HTMLElement){connectedCallback(){this.connected=!0,this.setAttribute('role','slider'),this.hasAttribute('tabindex')||this.setAttribute('tabindex',0),this.mouseEvent=!1,this.knob=this.root.querySelector('.knob-container'),this.background=this.root.querySelector('.background'),this.trackFill=this.root.querySelector('.track-fill'),this.track=this.root.querySelector('.track'),this.min=this.min?this.min:0,this.max=this.max?this.max:100,this.scale=me().domain([this.min,this.max]).range([0,1]).clamp(!0),this.origin=this.origin===void 0?this.min:this.origin,this.step=this.step?this.step:1,this.update(this.value?this.value:0),this.ticks=!!this.ticks&&this.ticks,this.renderTicks(),this.drag=Ar().container(this.background).on('start',()=>{this.mouseEvent=!0,this.background.classList.add('mousedown'),this.changeValue=this.value,this.dragUpdate()}).on('drag',()=>{this.dragUpdate()}).on('end',()=>{this.mouseEvent=!1,this.background.classList.remove('mousedown'),this.dragUpdate(),this.changeValue!==this.value&&this.dispatchChange(),this.changeValue=this.value}),this.drag(Sr(this.background)),this.addEventListener('focusin',()=>{this.mouseEvent||this.background.classList.add('focus')}),this.addEventListener('focusout',()=>{this.background.classList.remove('focus')}),this.addEventListener('keydown',this.onKeyDown)}static get observedAttributes(){return['min','max','value','step','ticks','origin','tickValues','tickLabels']}attributeChangedCallback(e,t,n){isNaN(n)||void 0===n||null===n||('min'==e&&(this.min=+n,this.setAttribute('aria-valuemin',this.min)),'max'==e&&(this.max=+n,this.setAttribute('aria-valuemax',this.max)),'value'==e&&this.update(+n),'origin'==e&&(this.origin=+n),'step'==e&&0{const n=document.createElement('div');n.classList.add('tick'),n.style.left=100*this.scale(t)+'%',e.appendChild(n)})}else e.style.display='none'}}var Or='\n \n\n';const Ur=ti('distill-header',` + + +`,!1);class Ir extends Ur(HTMLElement){}const Nr=` + +`;class jr extends HTMLElement{static get is(){return'distill-appendix'}set frontMatter(e){this.innerHTML=Ln(e)}}const Rr=ti('distill-footer',` + + +
    + + is dedicated to clear explanations of machine learning + + + +
    + +`);class qr extends Rr(HTMLElement){}const Fr=function(){if(1>window.distillRunlevel)throw new Error('Insufficient Runlevel for Distill Template!');if('distillTemplateIsLoading'in window&&window.distillTemplateIsLoading)throw new Error('Runlevel 1: Distill Template is getting loaded more than once, aborting!');else window.distillTemplateIsLoading=!0,console.info('Runlevel 1: Distill Template has started loading.');p(document),console.info('Runlevel 1: Static Distill styles have been added.'),console.info('Runlevel 1->2.'),window.distillRunlevel+=1;for(const[e,t]of Object.entries(hi.listeners))'function'==typeof t?document.addEventListener(e,t):console.error('Runlevel 2: Controller listeners need to be functions!');console.info('Runlevel 2: We can now listen to controller events.'),console.info('Runlevel 2->3.'),window.distillRunlevel+=1;if(2>window.distillRunlevel)throw new Error('Insufficient Runlevel for adding custom elements!');const e=[ki,wi,Ci,Li,Ai,Di,Oi,Ni,Ri,Fi,pi,Hi,zi,T,Bi,Wi,Vi,Mr,$i].concat([Ir,jr,qr]);for(const t of e)console.info('Runlevel 2: Registering custom element: '+t.is),customElements.define(t.is,t);console.info('Runlevel 3: Distill Template finished registering custom elements.'),console.info('Runlevel 3->4.'),window.distillRunlevel+=1,hi.listeners.DOMContentLoaded(),console.info('Runlevel 4: Distill Template initialisation complete.')};window.distillRunlevel=0,yi.browserSupportsAllFeatures()?(console.info('Runlevel 0: No need for polyfills.'),console.info('Runlevel 0->1.'),window.distillRunlevel+=1,Fr()):(console.info('Runlevel 0: Distill Template is loading polyfills.'),yi.load(Fr))}); +//# sourceMappingURL=template.v2.js.map +} diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/header-attrs-2.7/header-attrs.js b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/header-attrs-2.7/header-attrs.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dd57d92 --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/header-attrs-2.7/header-attrs.js @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to +// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8). +document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) { + var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child"); + var i, h, a; + for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) { + h = hs[i]; + if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6 + a = h.attributes; + while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name); + } +}); diff --git a/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/jquery-1.11.3/jquery.min.js b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/jquery-1.11.3/jquery.min.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0f60b7b --- /dev/null +++ b/_posts/2021-11-27-notes-on-nano/notes-on-nano_files/jquery-1.11.3/jquery.min.js @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +/*! jQuery v1.11.3 | (c) 2005, 2015 jQuery Foundation, Inc. | jquery.org/license */ +!function(a,b){"object"==typeof module&&"object"==typeof module.exports?module.exports=a.document?b(a,!0):function(a){if(!a.document)throw new Error("jQuery requires a window with a document");return b(a)}:b(a)}("undefined"!=typeof window?window:this,function(a,b){var c=[],d=c.slice,e=c.concat,f=c.push,g=c.indexOf,h={},i=h.toString,j=h.hasOwnProperty,k={},l="1.11.3",m=function(a,b){return new m.fn.init(a,b)},n=/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g,o=/^-ms-/,p=/-([\da-z])/gi,q=function(a,b){return b.toUpperCase()};m.fn=m.prototype={jquery:l,constructor:m,selector:"",length:0,toArray:function(){return d.call(this)},get:function(a){return null!=a?0>a?this[a+this.length]:this[a]:d.call(this)},pushStack:function(a){var b=m.merge(this.constructor(),a);return b.prevObject=this,b.context=this.context,b},each:function(a,b){return m.each(this,a,b)},map:function(a){return this.pushStack(m.map(this,function(b,c){return a.call(b,c,b)}))},slice:function(){return this.pushStack(d.apply(this,arguments))},first:function(){return this.eq(0)},last:function(){return this.eq(-1)},eq:function(a){var b=this.length,c=+a+(0>a?b:0);return this.pushStack(c>=0&&b>c?[this[c]]:[])},end:function(){return this.prevObject||this.constructor(null)},push:f,sort:c.sort,splice:c.splice},m.extend=m.fn.extend=function(){var a,b,c,d,e,f,g=arguments[0]||{},h=1,i=arguments.length,j=!1;for("boolean"==typeof g&&(j=g,g=arguments[h]||{},h++),"object"==typeof g||m.isFunction(g)||(g={}),h===i&&(g=this,h--);i>h;h++)if(null!=(e=arguments[h]))for(d in e)a=g[d],c=e[d],g!==c&&(j&&c&&(m.isPlainObject(c)||(b=m.isArray(c)))?(b?(b=!1,f=a&&m.isArray(a)?a:[]):f=a&&m.isPlainObject(a)?a:{},g[d]=m.extend(j,f,c)):void 0!==c&&(g[d]=c));return g},m.extend({expando:"jQuery"+(l+Math.random()).replace(/\D/g,""),isReady:!0,error:function(a){throw new Error(a)},noop:function(){},isFunction:function(a){return"function"===m.type(a)},isArray:Array.isArray||function(a){return"array"===m.type(a)},isWindow:function(a){return null!=a&&a==a.window},isNumeric:function(a){return!m.isArray(a)&&a-parseFloat(a)+1>=0},isEmptyObject:function(a){var b;for(b in a)return!1;return!0},isPlainObject:function(a){var b;if(!a||"object"!==m.type(a)||a.nodeType||m.isWindow(a))return!1;try{if(a.constructor&&!j.call(a,"constructor")&&!j.call(a.constructor.prototype,"isPrototypeOf"))return!1}catch(c){return!1}if(k.ownLast)for(b in a)return j.call(a,b);for(b in a);return void 0===b||j.call(a,b)},type:function(a){return null==a?a+"":"object"==typeof a||"function"==typeof a?h[i.call(a)]||"object":typeof a},globalEval:function(b){b&&m.trim(b)&&(a.execScript||function(b){a.eval.call(a,b)})(b)},camelCase:function(a){return a.replace(o,"ms-").replace(p,q)},nodeName:function(a,b){return a.nodeName&&a.nodeName.toLowerCase()===b.toLowerCase()},each:function(a,b,c){var d,e=0,f=a.length,g=r(a);if(c){if(g){for(;f>e;e++)if(d=b.apply(a[e],c),d===!1)break}else for(e in a)if(d=b.apply(a[e],c),d===!1)break}else if(g){for(;f>e;e++)if(d=b.call(a[e],e,a[e]),d===!1)break}else for(e in a)if(d=b.call(a[e],e,a[e]),d===!1)break;return a},trim:function(a){return null==a?"":(a+"").replace(n,"")},makeArray:function(a,b){var c=b||[];return null!=a&&(r(Object(a))?m.merge(c,"string"==typeof a?[a]:a):f.call(c,a)),c},inArray:function(a,b,c){var d;if(b){if(g)return g.call(b,a,c);for(d=b.length,c=c?0>c?Math.max(0,d+c):c:0;d>c;c++)if(c in b&&b[c]===a)return c}return-1},merge:function(a,b){var c=+b.length,d=0,e=a.length;while(c>d)a[e++]=b[d++];if(c!==c)while(void 0!==b[d])a[e++]=b[d++];return a.length=e,a},grep:function(a,b,c){for(var d,e=[],f=0,g=a.length,h=!c;g>f;f++)d=!b(a[f],f),d!==h&&e.push(a[f]);return e},map:function(a,b,c){var d,f=0,g=a.length,h=r(a),i=[];if(h)for(;g>f;f++)d=b(a[f],f,c),null!=d&&i.push(d);else for(f in a)d=b(a[f],f,c),null!=d&&i.push(d);return e.apply([],i)},guid:1,proxy:function(a,b){var c,e,f;return"string"==typeof b&&(f=a[b],b=a,a=f),m.isFunction(a)?(c=d.call(arguments,2),e=function(){return a.apply(b||this,c.concat(d.call(arguments)))},e.guid=a.guid=a.guid||m.guid++,e):void 0},now:function(){return+new Date},support:k}),m.each("Boolean Number String Function Array Date RegExp Object Error".split(" "),function(a,b){h["[object "+b+"]"]=b.toLowerCase()});function r(a){var b="length"in a&&a.length,c=m.type(a);return"function"===c||m.isWindow(a)?!1:1===a.nodeType&&b?!0:"array"===c||0===b||"number"==typeof b&&b>0&&b-1 in a}var s=function(a){var b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u="sizzle"+1*new Date,v=a.document,w=0,x=0,y=ha(),z=ha(),A=ha(),B=function(a,b){return a===b&&(l=!0),0},C=1<<31,D={}.hasOwnProperty,E=[],F=E.pop,G=E.push,H=E.push,I=E.slice,J=function(a,b){for(var c=0,d=a.length;d>c;c++)if(a[c]===b)return c;return-1},K="checked|selected|async|autofocus|autoplay|controls|defer|disabled|hidden|ismap|loop|multiple|open|readonly|required|scoped",L="[\\x20\\t\\r\\n\\f]",M="(?:\\\\.|[\\w-]|[^\\x00-\\xa0])+",N=M.replace("w","w#"),O="\\["+L+"*("+M+")(?:"+L+"*([*^$|!~]?=)"+L+"*(?:'((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\"|("+N+"))|)"+L+"*\\]",P=":("+M+")(?:\\((('((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\")|((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()[\\]]|"+O+")*)|.*)\\)|)",Q=new RegExp(L+"+","g"),R=new RegExp("^"+L+"+|((?:^|[^\\\\])(?:\\\\.)*)"+L+"+$","g"),S=new RegExp("^"+L+"*,"+L+"*"),T=new RegExp("^"+L+"*([>+~]|"+L+")"+L+"*"),U=new RegExp("="+L+"*([^\\]'\"]*?)"+L+"*\\]","g"),V=new RegExp(P),W=new RegExp("^"+N+"$"),X={ID:new RegExp("^#("+M+")"),CLASS:new RegExp("^\\.("+M+")"),TAG:new RegExp("^("+M.replace("w","w*")+")"),ATTR:new RegExp("^"+O),PSEUDO:new RegExp("^"+P),CHILD:new RegExp("^:(only|first|last|nth|nth-last)-(child|of-type)(?:\\("+L+"*(even|odd|(([+-]|)(\\d*)n|)"+L+"*(?:([+-]|)"+L+"*(\\d+)|))"+L+"*\\)|)","i"),bool:new RegExp("^(?:"+K+")$","i"),needsContext:new RegExp("^"+L+"*[>+~]|:(even|odd|eq|gt|lt|nth|first|last)(?:\\("+L+"*((?:-\\d)?\\d*)"+L+"*\\)|)(?=[^-]|$)","i")},Y=/^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,Z=/^h\d$/i,$=/^[^{]+\{\s*\[native \w/,_=/^(?:#([\w-]+)|(\w+)|\.([\w-]+))$/,aa=/[+~]/,ba=/'|\\/g,ca=new RegExp("\\\\([\\da-f]{1,6}"+L+"?|("+L+")|.)","ig"),da=function(a,b,c){var d="0x"+b-65536;return d!==d||c?b:0>d?String.fromCharCode(d+65536):String.fromCharCode(d>>10|55296,1023&d|56320)},ea=function(){m()};try{H.apply(E=I.call(v.childNodes),v.childNodes),E[v.childNodes.length].nodeType}catch(fa){H={apply:E.length?function(a,b){G.apply(a,I.call(b))}:function(a,b){var c=a.length,d=0;while(a[c++]=b[d++]);a.length=c-1}}}function ga(a,b,d,e){var f,h,j,k,l,o,r,s,w,x;if((b?b.ownerDocument||b:v)!==n&&m(b),b=b||n,d=d||[],k=b.nodeType,"string"!=typeof a||!a||1!==k&&9!==k&&11!==k)return d;if(!e&&p){if(11!==k&&(f=_.exec(a)))if(j=f[1]){if(9===k){if(h=b.getElementById(j),!h||!h.parentNode)return d;if(h.id===j)return d.push(h),d}else if(b.ownerDocument&&(h=b.ownerDocument.getElementById(j))&&t(b,h)&&h.id===j)return d.push(h),d}else{if(f[2])return H.apply(d,b.getElementsByTagName(a)),d;if((j=f[3])&&c.getElementsByClassName)return H.apply(d,b.getElementsByClassName(j)),d}if(c.qsa&&(!q||!q.test(a))){if(s=r=u,w=b,x=1!==k&&a,1===k&&"object"!==b.nodeName.toLowerCase()){o=g(a),(r=b.getAttribute("id"))?s=r.replace(ba,"\\$&"):b.setAttribute("id",s),s="[id='"+s+"'] ",l=o.length;while(l--)o[l]=s+ra(o[l]);w=aa.test(a)&&pa(b.parentNode)||b,x=o.join(",")}if(x)try{return H.apply(d,w.querySelectorAll(x)),d}catch(y){}finally{r||b.removeAttribute("id")}}}return i(a.replace(R,"$1"),b,d,e)}function ha(){var a=[];function b(c,e){return a.push(c+" ")>d.cacheLength&&delete b[a.shift()],b[c+" "]=e}return b}function ia(a){return a[u]=!0,a}function ja(a){var b=n.createElement("div");try{return!!a(b)}catch(c){return!1}finally{b.parentNode&&b.parentNode.removeChild(b),b=null}}function ka(a,b){var c=a.split("|"),e=a.length;while(e--)d.attrHandle[c[e]]=b}function la(a,b){var c=b&&a,d=c&&1===a.nodeType&&1===b.nodeType&&(~b.sourceIndex||C)-(~a.sourceIndex||C);if(d)return d;if(c)while(c=c.nextSibling)if(c===b)return-1;return a?1:-1}function ma(a){return function(b){var c=b.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===c&&b.type===a}}function na(a){return function(b){var c=b.nodeName.toLowerCase();return("input"===c||"button"===c)&&b.type===a}}function oa(a){return ia(function(b){return b=+b,ia(function(c,d){var e,f=a([],c.length,b),g=f.length;while(g--)c[e=f[g]]&&(c[e]=!(d[e]=c[e]))})})}function pa(a){return a&&"undefined"!=typeof a.getElementsByTagName&&a}c=ga.support={},f=ga.isXML=function(a){var b=a&&(a.ownerDocument||a).documentElement;return b?"HTML"!==b.nodeName:!1},m=ga.setDocument=function(a){var b,e,g=a?a.ownerDocument||a:v;return g!==n&&9===g.nodeType&&g.documentElement?(n=g,o=g.documentElement,e=g.defaultView,e&&e!==e.top&&(e.addEventListener?e.addEventListener("unload",ea,!1):e.attachEvent&&e.attachEvent("onunload",ea)),p=!f(g),c.attributes=ja(function(a){return a.className="i",!a.getAttribute("className")}),c.getElementsByTagName=ja(function(a){return a.appendChild(g.createComment("")),!a.getElementsByTagName("*").length}),c.getElementsByClassName=$.test(g.getElementsByClassName),c.getById=ja(function(a){return o.appendChild(a).id=u,!g.getElementsByName||!g.getElementsByName(u).length}),c.getById?(d.find.ID=function(a,b){if("undefined"!=typeof b.getElementById&&p){var c=b.getElementById(a);return c&&c.parentNode?[c]:[]}},d.filter.ID=function(a){var b=a.replace(ca,da);return function(a){return a.getAttribute("id")===b}}):(delete d.find.ID,d.filter.ID=function(a){var b=a.replace(ca,da);return function(a){var c="undefined"!=typeof a.getAttributeNode&&a.getAttributeNode("id");return c&&c.value===b}}),d.find.TAG=c.getElementsByTagName?function(a,b){return"undefined"!=typeof b.getElementsByTagName?b.getElementsByTagName(a):c.qsa?b.querySelectorAll(a):void 0}:function(a,b){var c,d=[],e=0,f=b.getElementsByTagName(a);if("*"===a){while(c=f[e++])1===c.nodeType&&d.push(c);return d}return f},d.find.CLASS=c.getElementsByClassName&&function(a,b){return p?b.getElementsByClassName(a):void 0},r=[],q=[],(c.qsa=$.test(g.querySelectorAll))&&(ja(function(a){o.appendChild(a).innerHTML="",a.querySelectorAll("[msallowcapture^='']").length&&q.push("[*^$]="+L+"*(?:''|\"\")"),a.querySelectorAll("[selected]").length||q.push("\\["+L+"*(?:value|"+K+")"),a.querySelectorAll("[id~="+u+"-]").length||q.push("~="),a.querySelectorAll(":checked").length||q.push(":checked"),a.querySelectorAll("a#"+u+"+*").length||q.push(".#.+[+~]")}),ja(function(a){var b=g.createElement("input");b.setAttribute("type","hidden"),a.appendChild(b).setAttribute("name","D"),a.querySelectorAll("[name=d]").length&&q.push("name"+L+"*[*^$|!~]?="),a.querySelectorAll(":enabled").length||q.push(":enabled",":disabled"),a.querySelectorAll("*,:x"),q.push(",.*:")})),(c.matchesSelector=$.test(s=o.matches||o.webkitMatchesSelector||o.mozMatchesSelector||o.oMatchesSelector||o.msMatchesSelector))&&ja(function(a){c.disconnectedMatch=s.call(a,"div"),s.call(a,"[s!='']:x"),r.push("!=",P)}),q=q.length&&new RegExp(q.join("|")),r=r.length&&new RegExp(r.join("|")),b=$.test(o.compareDocumentPosition),t=b||$.test(o.contains)?function(a,b){var c=9===a.nodeType?a.documentElement:a,d=b&&b.parentNode;return a===d||!(!d||1!==d.nodeType||!(c.contains?c.contains(d):a.compareDocumentPosition&&16&a.compareDocumentPosition(d)))}:function(a,b){if(b)while(b=b.parentNode)if(b===a)return!0;return!1},B=b?function(a,b){if(a===b)return l=!0,0;var d=!a.compareDocumentPosition-!b.compareDocumentPosition;return d?d:(d=(a.ownerDocument||a)===(b.ownerDocument||b)?a.compareDocumentPosition(b):1,1&d||!c.sortDetached&&b.compareDocumentPosition(a)===d?a===g||a.ownerDocument===v&&t(v,a)?-1:b===g||b.ownerDocument===v&&t(v,b)?1:k?J(k,a)-J(k,b):0:4&d?-1:1)}:function(a,b){if(a===b)return l=!0,0;var c,d=0,e=a.parentNode,f=b.parentNode,h=[a],i=[b];if(!e||!f)return a===g?-1:b===g?1:e?-1:f?1:k?J(k,a)-J(k,b):0;if(e===f)return la(a,b);c=a;while(c=c.parentNode)h.unshift(c);c=b;while(c=c.parentNode)i.unshift(c);while(h[d]===i[d])d++;return d?la(h[d],i[d]):h[d]===v?-1:i[d]===v?1:0},g):n},ga.matches=function(a,b){return ga(a,null,null,b)},ga.matchesSelector=function(a,b){if((a.ownerDocument||a)!==n&&m(a),b=b.replace(U,"='$1']"),!(!c.matchesSelector||!p||r&&r.test(b)||q&&q.test(b)))try{var d=s.call(a,b);if(d||c.disconnectedMatch||a.document&&11!==a.document.nodeType)return d}catch(e){}return ga(b,n,null,[a]).length>0},ga.contains=function(a,b){return(a.ownerDocument||a)!==n&&m(a),t(a,b)},ga.attr=function(a,b){(a.ownerDocument||a)!==n&&m(a);var e=d.attrHandle[b.toLowerCase()],f=e&&D.call(d.attrHandle,b.toLowerCase())?e(a,b,!p):void 0;return void 0!==f?f:c.attributes||!p?a.getAttribute(b):(f=a.getAttributeNode(b))&&f.specified?f.value:null},ga.error=function(a){throw new Error("Syntax error, unrecognized expression: "+a)},ga.uniqueSort=function(a){var b,d=[],e=0,f=0;if(l=!c.detectDuplicates,k=!c.sortStable&&a.slice(0),a.sort(B),l){while(b=a[f++])b===a[f]&&(e=d.push(f));while(e--)a.splice(d[e],1)}return k=null,a},e=ga.getText=function(a){var b,c="",d=0,f=a.nodeType;if(f){if(1===f||9===f||11===f){if("string"==typeof a.textContent)return a.textContent;for(a=a.firstChild;a;a=a.nextSibling)c+=e(a)}else if(3===f||4===f)return a.nodeValue}else while(b=a[d++])c+=e(b);return c},d=ga.selectors={cacheLength:50,createPseudo:ia,match:X,attrHandle:{},find:{},relative:{">":{dir:"parentNode",first:!0}," ":{dir:"parentNode"},"+":{dir:"previousSibling",first:!0},"~":{dir:"previousSibling"}},preFilter:{ATTR:function(a){return a[1]=a[1].replace(ca,da),a[3]=(a[3]||a[4]||a[5]||"").replace(ca,da),"~="===a[2]&&(a[3]=" "+a[3]+" "),a.slice(0,4)},CHILD:function(a){return a[1]=a[1].toLowerCase(),"nth"===a[1].slice(0,3)?(a[3]||ga.error(a[0]),a[4]=+(a[4]?a[5]+(a[6]||1):2*("even"===a[3]||"odd"===a[3])),a[5]=+(a[7]+a[8]||"odd"===a[3])):a[3]&&ga.error(a[0]),a},PSEUDO:function(a){var b,c=!a[6]&&a[2];return X.CHILD.test(a[0])?null:(a[3]?a[2]=a[4]||a[5]||"":c&&V.test(c)&&(b=g(c,!0))&&(b=c.indexOf(")",c.length-b)-c.length)&&(a[0]=a[0].slice(0,b),a[2]=c.slice(0,b)),a.slice(0,3))}},filter:{TAG:function(a){var b=a.replace(ca,da).toLowerCase();return"*"===a?function(){return!0}:function(a){return a.nodeName&&a.nodeName.toLowerCase()===b}},CLASS:function(a){var b=y[a+" "];return b||(b=new RegExp("(^|"+L+")"+a+"("+L+"|$)"))&&y(a,function(a){return b.test("string"==typeof a.className&&a.className||"undefined"!=typeof a.getAttribute&&a.getAttribute("class")||"")})},ATTR:function(a,b,c){return function(d){var e=ga.attr(d,a);return null==e?"!="===b:b?(e+="","="===b?e===c:"!="===b?e!==c:"^="===b?c&&0===e.indexOf(c):"*="===b?c&&e.indexOf(c)>-1:"$="===b?c&&e.slice(-c.length)===c:"~="===b?(" "+e.replace(Q," ")+" ").indexOf(c)>-1:"|="===b?e===c||e.slice(0,c.length+1)===c+"-":!1):!0}},CHILD:function(a,b,c,d,e){var f="nth"!==a.slice(0,3),g="last"!==a.slice(-4),h="of-type"===b;return 1===d&&0===e?function(a){return!!a.parentNode}:function(b,c,i){var j,k,l,m,n,o,p=f!==g?"nextSibling":"previousSibling",q=b.parentNode,r=h&&b.nodeName.toLowerCase(),s=!i&&!h;if(q){if(f){while(p){l=b;while(l=l[p])if(h?l.nodeName.toLowerCase()===r:1===l.nodeType)return!1;o=p="only"===a&&!o&&"nextSibling"}return!0}if(o=[g?q.firstChild:q.lastChild],g&&s){k=q[u]||(q[u]={}),j=k[a]||[],n=j[0]===w&&j[1],m=j[0]===w&&j[2],l=n&&q.childNodes[n];while(l=++n&&l&&l[p]||(m=n=0)||o.pop())if(1===l.nodeType&&++m&&l===b){k[a]=[w,n,m];break}}else if(s&&(j=(b[u]||(b[u]={}))[a])&&j[0]===w)m=j[1];else while(l=++n&&l&&l[p]||(m=n=0)||o.pop())if((h?l.nodeName.toLowerCase()===r:1===l.nodeType)&&++m&&(s&&((l[u]||(l[u]={}))[a]=[w,m]),l===b))break;return m-=e,m===d||m%d===0&&m/d>=0}}},PSEUDO:function(a,b){var c,e=d.pseudos[a]||d.setFilters[a.toLowerCase()]||ga.error("unsupported pseudo: "+a);return e[u]?e(b):e.length>1?(c=[a,a,"",b],d.setFilters.hasOwnProperty(a.toLowerCase())?ia(function(a,c){var d,f=e(a,b),g=f.length;while(g--)d=J(a,f[g]),a[d]=!(c[d]=f[g])}):function(a){return e(a,0,c)}):e}},pseudos:{not:ia(function(a){var b=[],c=[],d=h(a.replace(R,"$1"));return d[u]?ia(function(a,b,c,e){var f,g=d(a,null,e,[]),h=a.length;while(h--)(f=g[h])&&(a[h]=!(b[h]=f))}):function(a,e,f){return b[0]=a,d(b,null,f,c),b[0]=null,!c.pop()}}),has:ia(function(a){return function(b){return ga(a,b).length>0}}),contains:ia(function(a){return a=a.replace(ca,da),function(b){return(b.textContent||b.innerText||e(b)).indexOf(a)>-1}}),lang:ia(function(a){return W.test(a||"")||ga.error("unsupported lang: "+a),a=a.replace(ca,da).toLowerCase(),function(b){var c;do if(c=p?b.lang:b.getAttribute("xml:lang")||b.getAttribute("lang"))return c=c.toLowerCase(),c===a||0===c.indexOf(a+"-");while((b=b.parentNode)&&1===b.nodeType);return!1}}),target:function(b){var c=a.location&&a.location.hash;return c&&c.slice(1)===b.id},root:function(a){return a===o},focus:function(a){return a===n.activeElement&&(!n.hasFocus||n.hasFocus())&&!!(a.type||a.href||~a.tabIndex)},enabled:function(a){return a.disabled===!1},disabled:function(a){return a.disabled===!0},checked:function(a){var b=a.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===b&&!!a.checked||"option"===b&&!!a.selected},selected:function(a){return a.parentNode&&a.parentNode.selectedIndex,a.selected===!0},empty:function(a){for(a=a.firstChild;a;a=a.nextSibling)if(a.nodeType<6)return!1;return!0},parent:function(a){return!d.pseudos.empty(a)},header:function(a){return Z.test(a.nodeName)},input:function(a){return Y.test(a.nodeName)},button:function(a){var b=a.nodeName.toLowerCase();return"input"===b&&"button"===a.type||"button"===b},text:function(a){var b;return"input"===a.nodeName.toLowerCase()&&"text"===a.type&&(null==(b=a.getAttribute("type"))||"text"===b.toLowerCase())},first:oa(function(){return[0]}),last:oa(function(a,b){return[b-1]}),eq:oa(function(a,b,c){return[0>c?c+b:c]}),even:oa(function(a,b){for(var c=0;b>c;c+=2)a.push(c);return a}),odd:oa(function(a,b){for(var c=1;b>c;c+=2)a.push(c);return a}),lt:oa(function(a,b,c){for(var d=0>c?c+b:c;--d>=0;)a.push(d);return a}),gt:oa(function(a,b,c){for(var d=0>c?c+b:c;++db;b++)d+=a[b].value;return d}function sa(a,b,c){var d=b.dir,e=c&&"parentNode"===d,f=x++;return b.first?function(b,c,f){while(b=b[d])if(1===b.nodeType||e)return a(b,c,f)}:function(b,c,g){var h,i,j=[w,f];if(g){while(b=b[d])if((1===b.nodeType||e)&&a(b,c,g))return!0}else while(b=b[d])if(1===b.nodeType||e){if(i=b[u]||(b[u]={}),(h=i[d])&&h[0]===w&&h[1]===f)return j[2]=h[2];if(i[d]=j,j[2]=a(b,c,g))return!0}}}function ta(a){return a.length>1?function(b,c,d){var e=a.length;while(e--)if(!a[e](b,c,d))return!1;return!0}:a[0]}function ua(a,b,c){for(var d=0,e=b.length;e>d;d++)ga(a,b[d],c);return c}function va(a,b,c,d,e){for(var f,g=[],h=0,i=a.length,j=null!=b;i>h;h++)(f=a[h])&&(!c||c(f,d,e))&&(g.push(f),j&&b.push(h));return g}function wa(a,b,c,d,e,f){return d&&!d[u]&&(d=wa(d)),e&&!e[u]&&(e=wa(e,f)),ia(function(f,g,h,i){var j,k,l,m=[],n=[],o=g.length,p=f||ua(b||"*",h.nodeType?[h]:h,[]),q=!a||!f&&b?p:va(p,m,a,h,i),r=c?e||(f?a:o||d)?[]:g:q;if(c&&c(q,r,h,i),d){j=va(r,n),d(j,[],h,i),k=j.length;while(k--)(l=j[k])&&(r[n[k]]=!(q[n[k]]=l))}if(f){if(e||a){if(e){j=[],k=r.length;while(k--)(l=r[k])&&j.push(q[k]=l);e(null,r=[],j,i)}k=r.length;while(k--)(l=r[k])&&(j=e?J(f,l):m[k])>-1&&(f[j]=!(g[j]=l))}}else r=va(r===g?r.splice(o,r.length):r),e?e(null,g,r,i):H.apply(g,r)})}function xa(a){for(var b,c,e,f=a.length,g=d.relative[a[0].type],h=g||d.relative[" "],i=g?1:0,k=sa(function(a){return a===b},h,!0),l=sa(function(a){return J(b,a)>-1},h,!0),m=[function(a,c,d){var e=!g&&(d||c!==j)||((b=c).nodeType?k(a,c,d):l(a,c,d));return b=null,e}];f>i;i++)if(c=d.relative[a[i].type])m=[sa(ta(m),c)];else{if(c=d.filter[a[i].type].apply(null,a[i].matches),c[u]){for(e=++i;f>e;e++)if(d.relative[a[e].type])break;return wa(i>1&&ta(m),i>1&&ra(a.slice(0,i-1).concat({value:" "===a[i-2].type?"*":""})).replace(R,"$1"),c,e>i&&xa(a.slice(i,e)),f>e&&xa(a=a.slice(e)),f>e&&ra(a))}m.push(c)}return ta(m)}function ya(a,b){var c=b.length>0,e=a.length>0,f=function(f,g,h,i,k){var l,m,o,p=0,q="0",r=f&&[],s=[],t=j,u=f||e&&d.find.TAG("*",k),v=w+=null==t?1:Math.random()||.1,x=u.length;for(k&&(j=g!==n&&g);q!==x&&null!=(l=u[q]);q++){if(e&&l){m=0;while(o=a[m++])if(o(l,g,h)){i.push(l);break}k&&(w=v)}c&&((l=!o&&l)&&p--,f&&r.push(l))}if(p+=q,c&&q!==p){m=0;while(o=b[m++])o(r,s,g,h);if(f){if(p>0)while(q--)r[q]||s[q]||(s[q]=F.call(i));s=va(s)}H.apply(i,s),k&&!f&&s.length>0&&p+b.length>1&&ga.uniqueSort(i)}return k&&(w=v,j=t),r};return c?ia(f):f}return h=ga.compile=function(a,b){var c,d=[],e=[],f=A[a+" "];if(!f){b||(b=g(a)),c=b.length;while(c--)f=xa(b[c]),f[u]?d.push(f):e.push(f);f=A(a,ya(e,d)),f.selector=a}return f},i=ga.select=function(a,b,e,f){var i,j,k,l,m,n="function"==typeof a&&a,o=!f&&g(a=n.selector||a);if(e=e||[],1===o.length){if(j=o[0]=o[0].slice(0),j.length>2&&"ID"===(k=j[0]).type&&c.getById&&9===b.nodeType&&p&&d.relative[j[1].type]){if(b=(d.find.ID(k.matches[0].replace(ca,da),b)||[])[0],!b)return e;n&&(b=b.parentNode),a=a.slice(j.shift().value.length)}i=X.needsContext.test(a)?0:j.length;while(i--){if(k=j[i],d.relative[l=k.type])break;if((m=d.find[l])&&(f=m(k.matches[0].replace(ca,da),aa.test(j[0].type)&&pa(b.parentNode)||b))){if(j.splice(i,1),a=f.length&&ra(j),!a)return H.apply(e,f),e;break}}}return(n||h(a,o))(f,b,!p,e,aa.test(a)&&pa(b.parentNode)||b),e},c.sortStable=u.split("").sort(B).join("")===u,c.detectDuplicates=!!l,m(),c.sortDetached=ja(function(a){return 1&a.compareDocumentPosition(n.createElement("div"))}),ja(function(a){return a.innerHTML="","#"===a.firstChild.getAttribute("href")})||ka("type|href|height|width",function(a,b,c){return c?void 0:a.getAttribute(b,"type"===b.toLowerCase()?1:2)}),c.attributes&&ja(function(a){return a.innerHTML="",a.firstChild.setAttribute("value",""),""===a.firstChild.getAttribute("value")})||ka("value",function(a,b,c){return c||"input"!==a.nodeName.toLowerCase()?void 0:a.defaultValue}),ja(function(a){return null==a.getAttribute("disabled")})||ka(K,function(a,b,c){var d;return c?void 0:a[b]===!0?b.toLowerCase():(d=a.getAttributeNode(b))&&d.specified?d.value:null}),ga}(a);m.find=s,m.expr=s.selectors,m.expr[":"]=m.expr.pseudos,m.unique=s.uniqueSort,m.text=s.getText,m.isXMLDoc=s.isXML,m.contains=s.contains;var t=m.expr.match.needsContext,u=/^<(\w+)\s*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/,v=/^.[^:#\[\.,]*$/;function w(a,b,c){if(m.isFunction(b))return m.grep(a,function(a,d){return!!b.call(a,d,a)!==c});if(b.nodeType)return m.grep(a,function(a){return a===b!==c});if("string"==typeof b){if(v.test(b))return m.filter(b,a,c);b=m.filter(b,a)}return m.grep(a,function(a){return m.inArray(a,b)>=0!==c})}m.filter=function(a,b,c){var d=b[0];return c&&(a=":not("+a+")"),1===b.length&&1===d.nodeType?m.find.matchesSelector(d,a)?[d]:[]:m.find.matches(a,m.grep(b,function(a){return 1===a.nodeType}))},m.fn.extend({find:function(a){var b,c=[],d=this,e=d.length;if("string"!=typeof a)return this.pushStack(m(a).filter(function(){for(b=0;e>b;b++)if(m.contains(d[b],this))return!0}));for(b=0;e>b;b++)m.find(a,d[b],c);return c=this.pushStack(e>1?m.unique(c):c),c.selector=this.selector?this.selector+" "+a:a,c},filter:function(a){return this.pushStack(w(this,a||[],!1))},not:function(a){return this.pushStack(w(this,a||[],!0))},is:function(a){return!!w(this,"string"==typeof a&&t.test(a)?m(a):a||[],!1).length}});var x,y=a.document,z=/^(?:\s*(<[\w\W]+>)[^>]*|#([\w-]*))$/,A=m.fn.init=function(a,b){var c,d;if(!a)return this;if("string"==typeof a){if(c="<"===a.charAt(0)&&">"===a.charAt(a.length-1)&&a.length>=3?[null,a,null]:z.exec(a),!c||!c[1]&&b)return!b||b.jquery?(b||x).find(a):this.constructor(b).find(a);if(c[1]){if(b=b instanceof m?b[0]:b,m.merge(this,m.parseHTML(c[1],b&&b.nodeType?b.ownerDocument||b:y,!0)),u.test(c[1])&&m.isPlainObject(b))for(c in b)m.isFunction(this[c])?this[c](b[c]):this.attr(c,b[c]);return this}if(d=y.getElementById(c[2]),d&&d.parentNode){if(d.id!==c[2])return x.find(a);this.length=1,this[0]=d}return this.context=y,this.selector=a,this}return a.nodeType?(this.context=this[0]=a,this.length=1,this):m.isFunction(a)?"undefined"!=typeof x.ready?x.ready(a):a(m):(void 0!==a.selector&&(this.selector=a.selector,this.context=a.context),m.makeArray(a,this))};A.prototype=m.fn,x=m(y);var B=/^(?:parents|prev(?:Until|All))/,C={children:!0,contents:!0,next:!0,prev:!0};m.extend({dir:function(a,b,c){var d=[],e=a[b];while(e&&9!==e.nodeType&&(void 0===c||1!==e.nodeType||!m(e).is(c)))1===e.nodeType&&d.push(e),e=e[b];return d},sibling:function(a,b){for(var c=[];a;a=a.nextSibling)1===a.nodeType&&a!==b&&c.push(a);return c}}),m.fn.extend({has:function(a){var b,c=m(a,this),d=c.length;return this.filter(function(){for(b=0;d>b;b++)if(m.contains(this,c[b]))return!0})},closest:function(a,b){for(var c,d=0,e=this.length,f=[],g=t.test(a)||"string"!=typeof a?m(a,b||this.context):0;e>d;d++)for(c=this[d];c&&c!==b;c=c.parentNode)if(c.nodeType<11&&(g?g.index(c)>-1:1===c.nodeType&&m.find.matchesSelector(c,a))){f.push(c);break}return this.pushStack(f.length>1?m.unique(f):f)},index:function(a){return a?"string"==typeof a?m.inArray(this[0],m(a)):m.inArray(a.jquery?a[0]:a,this):this[0]&&this[0].parentNode?this.first().prevAll().length:-1},add:function(a,b){return this.pushStack(m.unique(m.merge(this.get(),m(a,b))))},addBack:function(a){return this.add(null==a?this.prevObject:this.prevObject.filter(a))}});function D(a,b){do a=a[b];while(a&&1!==a.nodeType);return a}m.each({parent:function(a){var b=a.parentNode;return b&&11!==b.nodeType?b:null},parents:function(a){return m.dir(a,"parentNode")},parentsUntil:function(a,b,c){return m.dir(a,"parentNode",c)},next:function(a){return D(a,"nextSibling")},prev:function(a){return D(a,"previousSibling")},nextAll:function(a){return m.dir(a,"nextSibling")},prevAll:function(a){return m.dir(a,"previousSibling")},nextUntil:function(a,b,c){return m.dir(a,"nextSibling",c)},prevUntil:function(a,b,c){return m.dir(a,"previousSibling",c)},siblings:function(a){return m.sibling((a.parentNode||{}).firstChild,a)},children:function(a){return m.sibling(a.firstChild)},contents:function(a){return m.nodeName(a,"iframe")?a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document:m.merge([],a.childNodes)}},function(a,b){m.fn[a]=function(c,d){var e=m.map(this,b,c);return"Until"!==a.slice(-5)&&(d=c),d&&"string"==typeof d&&(e=m.filter(d,e)),this.length>1&&(C[a]||(e=m.unique(e)),B.test(a)&&(e=e.reverse())),this.pushStack(e)}});var E=/\S+/g,F={};function G(a){var b=F[a]={};return m.each(a.match(E)||[],function(a,c){b[c]=!0}),b}m.Callbacks=function(a){a="string"==typeof a?F[a]||G(a):m.extend({},a);var b,c,d,e,f,g,h=[],i=!a.once&&[],j=function(l){for(c=a.memory&&l,d=!0,f=g||0,g=0,e=h.length,b=!0;h&&e>f;f++)if(h[f].apply(l[0],l[1])===!1&&a.stopOnFalse){c=!1;break}b=!1,h&&(i?i.length&&j(i.shift()):c?h=[]:k.disable())},k={add:function(){if(h){var d=h.length;!function f(b){m.each(b,function(b,c){var d=m.type(c);"function"===d?a.unique&&k.has(c)||h.push(c):c&&c.length&&"string"!==d&&f(c)})}(arguments),b?e=h.length:c&&(g=d,j(c))}return this},remove:function(){return h&&m.each(arguments,function(a,c){var d;while((d=m.inArray(c,h,d))>-1)h.splice(d,1),b&&(e>=d&&e--,f>=d&&f--)}),this},has:function(a){return a?m.inArray(a,h)>-1:!(!h||!h.length)},empty:function(){return h=[],e=0,this},disable:function(){return h=i=c=void 0,this},disabled:function(){return!h},lock:function(){return i=void 0,c||k.disable(),this},locked:function(){return!i},fireWith:function(a,c){return!h||d&&!i||(c=c||[],c=[a,c.slice?c.slice():c],b?i.push(c):j(c)),this},fire:function(){return k.fireWith(this,arguments),this},fired:function(){return!!d}};return k},m.extend({Deferred:function(a){var b=[["resolve","done",m.Callbacks("once memory"),"resolved"],["reject","fail",m.Callbacks("once memory"),"rejected"],["notify","progress",m.Callbacks("memory")]],c="pending",d={state:function(){return c},always:function(){return e.done(arguments).fail(arguments),this},then:function(){var a=arguments;return m.Deferred(function(c){m.each(b,function(b,f){var g=m.isFunction(a[b])&&a[b];e[f[1]](function(){var a=g&&g.apply(this,arguments);a&&m.isFunction(a.promise)?a.promise().done(c.resolve).fail(c.reject).progress(c.notify):c[f[0]+"With"](this===d?c.promise():this,g?[a]:arguments)})}),a=null}).promise()},promise:function(a){return null!=a?m.extend(a,d):d}},e={};return d.pipe=d.then,m.each(b,function(a,f){var g=f[2],h=f[3];d[f[1]]=g.add,h&&g.add(function(){c=h},b[1^a][2].disable,b[2][2].lock),e[f[0]]=function(){return e[f[0]+"With"](this===e?d:this,arguments),this},e[f[0]+"With"]=g.fireWith}),d.promise(e),a&&a.call(e,e),e},when:function(a){var b=0,c=d.call(arguments),e=c.length,f=1!==e||a&&m.isFunction(a.promise)?e:0,g=1===f?a:m.Deferred(),h=function(a,b,c){return function(e){b[a]=this,c[a]=arguments.length>1?d.call(arguments):e,c===i?g.notifyWith(b,c):--f||g.resolveWith(b,c)}},i,j,k;if(e>1)for(i=new Array(e),j=new Array(e),k=new Array(e);e>b;b++)c[b]&&m.isFunction(c[b].promise)?c[b].promise().done(h(b,k,c)).fail(g.reject).progress(h(b,j,i)):--f;return f||g.resolveWith(k,c),g.promise()}});var H;m.fn.ready=function(a){return m.ready.promise().done(a),this},m.extend({isReady:!1,readyWait:1,holdReady:function(a){a?m.readyWait++:m.ready(!0)},ready:function(a){if(a===!0?!--m.readyWait:!m.isReady){if(!y.body)return setTimeout(m.ready);m.isReady=!0,a!==!0&&--m.readyWait>0||(H.resolveWith(y,[m]),m.fn.triggerHandler&&(m(y).triggerHandler("ready"),m(y).off("ready")))}}});function I(){y.addEventListener?(y.removeEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",J,!1),a.removeEventListener("load",J,!1)):(y.detachEvent("onreadystatechange",J),a.detachEvent("onload",J))}function J(){(y.addEventListener||"load"===event.type||"complete"===y.readyState)&&(I(),m.ready())}m.ready.promise=function(b){if(!H)if(H=m.Deferred(),"complete"===y.readyState)setTimeout(m.ready);else if(y.addEventListener)y.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",J,!1),a.addEventListener("load",J,!1);else{y.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",J),a.attachEvent("onload",J);var c=!1;try{c=null==a.frameElement&&y.documentElement}catch(d){}c&&c.doScroll&&!function e(){if(!m.isReady){try{c.doScroll("left")}catch(a){return setTimeout(e,50)}I(),m.ready()}}()}return H.promise(b)};var K="undefined",L;for(L in m(k))break;k.ownLast="0"!==L,k.inlineBlockNeedsLayout=!1,m(function(){var a,b,c,d;c=y.getElementsByTagName("body")[0],c&&c.style&&(b=y.createElement("div"),d=y.createElement("div"),d.style.cssText="position:absolute;border:0;width:0;height:0;top:0;left:-9999px",c.appendChild(d).appendChild(b),typeof b.style.zoom!==K&&(b.style.cssText="display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:1px;width:1px;zoom:1",k.inlineBlockNeedsLayout=a=3===b.offsetWidth,a&&(c.style.zoom=1)),c.removeChild(d))}),function(){var a=y.createElement("div");if(null==k.deleteExpando){k.deleteExpando=!0;try{delete a.test}catch(b){k.deleteExpando=!1}}a=null}(),m.acceptData=function(a){var b=m.noData[(a.nodeName+" ").toLowerCase()],c=+a.nodeType||1;return 1!==c&&9!==c?!1:!b||b!==!0&&a.getAttribute("classid")===b};var M=/^(?:\{[\w\W]*\}|\[[\w\W]*\])$/,N=/([A-Z])/g;function O(a,b,c){if(void 0===c&&1===a.nodeType){var d="data-"+b.replace(N,"-$1").toLowerCase();if(c=a.getAttribute(d),"string"==typeof c){try{c="true"===c?!0:"false"===c?!1:"null"===c?null:+c+""===c?+c:M.test(c)?m.parseJSON(c):c}catch(e){}m.data(a,b,c)}else c=void 0}return c}function P(a){var b;for(b in a)if(("data"!==b||!m.isEmptyObject(a[b]))&&"toJSON"!==b)return!1; + +return!0}function Q(a,b,d,e){if(m.acceptData(a)){var f,g,h=m.expando,i=a.nodeType,j=i?m.cache:a,k=i?a[h]:a[h]&&h;if(k&&j[k]&&(e||j[k].data)||void 0!==d||"string"!=typeof b)return k||(k=i?a[h]=c.pop()||m.guid++:h),j[k]||(j[k]=i?{}:{toJSON:m.noop}),("object"==typeof b||"function"==typeof b)&&(e?j[k]=m.extend(j[k],b):j[k].data=m.extend(j[k].data,b)),g=j[k],e||(g.data||(g.data={}),g=g.data),void 0!==d&&(g[m.camelCase(b)]=d),"string"==typeof b?(f=g[b],null==f&&(f=g[m.camelCase(b)])):f=g,f}}function R(a,b,c){if(m.acceptData(a)){var d,e,f=a.nodeType,g=f?m.cache:a,h=f?a[m.expando]:m.expando;if(g[h]){if(b&&(d=c?g[h]:g[h].data)){m.isArray(b)?b=b.concat(m.map(b,m.camelCase)):b in d?b=[b]:(b=m.camelCase(b),b=b in d?[b]:b.split(" ")),e=b.length;while(e--)delete d[b[e]];if(c?!P(d):!m.isEmptyObject(d))return}(c||(delete g[h].data,P(g[h])))&&(f?m.cleanData([a],!0):k.deleteExpando||g!=g.window?delete g[h]:g[h]=null)}}}m.extend({cache:{},noData:{"applet ":!0,"embed ":!0,"object ":"clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000"},hasData:function(a){return a=a.nodeType?m.cache[a[m.expando]]:a[m.expando],!!a&&!P(a)},data:function(a,b,c){return Q(a,b,c)},removeData:function(a,b){return R(a,b)},_data:function(a,b,c){return Q(a,b,c,!0)},_removeData:function(a,b){return R(a,b,!0)}}),m.fn.extend({data:function(a,b){var c,d,e,f=this[0],g=f&&f.attributes;if(void 0===a){if(this.length&&(e=m.data(f),1===f.nodeType&&!m._data(f,"parsedAttrs"))){c=g.length;while(c--)g[c]&&(d=g[c].name,0===d.indexOf("data-")&&(d=m.camelCase(d.slice(5)),O(f,d,e[d])));m._data(f,"parsedAttrs",!0)}return e}return"object"==typeof a?this.each(function(){m.data(this,a)}):arguments.length>1?this.each(function(){m.data(this,a,b)}):f?O(f,a,m.data(f,a)):void 0},removeData:function(a){return this.each(function(){m.removeData(this,a)})}}),m.extend({queue:function(a,b,c){var d;return a?(b=(b||"fx")+"queue",d=m._data(a,b),c&&(!d||m.isArray(c)?d=m._data(a,b,m.makeArray(c)):d.push(c)),d||[]):void 0},dequeue:function(a,b){b=b||"fx";var c=m.queue(a,b),d=c.length,e=c.shift(),f=m._queueHooks(a,b),g=function(){m.dequeue(a,b)};"inprogress"===e&&(e=c.shift(),d--),e&&("fx"===b&&c.unshift("inprogress"),delete f.stop,e.call(a,g,f)),!d&&f&&f.empty.fire()},_queueHooks:function(a,b){var c=b+"queueHooks";return m._data(a,c)||m._data(a,c,{empty:m.Callbacks("once memory").add(function(){m._removeData(a,b+"queue"),m._removeData(a,c)})})}}),m.fn.extend({queue:function(a,b){var c=2;return"string"!=typeof a&&(b=a,a="fx",c--),arguments.lengthh;h++)b(a[h],c,g?d:d.call(a[h],h,b(a[h],c)));return e?a:j?b.call(a):i?b(a[0],c):f},W=/^(?:checkbox|radio)$/i;!function(){var a=y.createElement("input"),b=y.createElement("div"),c=y.createDocumentFragment();if(b.innerHTML="
    a",k.leadingWhitespace=3===b.firstChild.nodeType,k.tbody=!b.getElementsByTagName("tbody").length,k.htmlSerialize=!!b.getElementsByTagName("link").length,k.html5Clone="<:nav>"!==y.createElement("nav").cloneNode(!0).outerHTML,a.type="checkbox",a.checked=!0,c.appendChild(a),k.appendChecked=a.checked,b.innerHTML="",k.noCloneChecked=!!b.cloneNode(!0).lastChild.defaultValue,c.appendChild(b),b.innerHTML="",k.checkClone=b.cloneNode(!0).cloneNode(!0).lastChild.checked,k.noCloneEvent=!0,b.attachEvent&&(b.attachEvent("onclick",function(){k.noCloneEvent=!1}),b.cloneNode(!0).click()),null==k.deleteExpando){k.deleteExpando=!0;try{delete b.test}catch(d){k.deleteExpando=!1}}}(),function(){var b,c,d=y.createElement("div");for(b in{submit:!0,change:!0,focusin:!0})c="on"+b,(k[b+"Bubbles"]=c in a)||(d.setAttribute(c,"t"),k[b+"Bubbles"]=d.attributes[c].expando===!1);d=null}();var X=/^(?:input|select|textarea)$/i,Y=/^key/,Z=/^(?:mouse|pointer|contextmenu)|click/,$=/^(?:focusinfocus|focusoutblur)$/,_=/^([^.]*)(?:\.(.+)|)$/;function aa(){return!0}function ba(){return!1}function ca(){try{return y.activeElement}catch(a){}}m.event={global:{},add:function(a,b,c,d,e){var f,g,h,i,j,k,l,n,o,p,q,r=m._data(a);if(r){c.handler&&(i=c,c=i.handler,e=i.selector),c.guid||(c.guid=m.guid++),(g=r.events)||(g=r.events={}),(k=r.handle)||(k=r.handle=function(a){return typeof m===K||a&&m.event.triggered===a.type?void 0:m.event.dispatch.apply(k.elem,arguments)},k.elem=a),b=(b||"").match(E)||[""],h=b.length;while(h--)f=_.exec(b[h])||[],o=q=f[1],p=(f[2]||"").split(".").sort(),o&&(j=m.event.special[o]||{},o=(e?j.delegateType:j.bindType)||o,j=m.event.special[o]||{},l=m.extend({type:o,origType:q,data:d,handler:c,guid:c.guid,selector:e,needsContext:e&&m.expr.match.needsContext.test(e),namespace:p.join(".")},i),(n=g[o])||(n=g[o]=[],n.delegateCount=0,j.setup&&j.setup.call(a,d,p,k)!==!1||(a.addEventListener?a.addEventListener(o,k,!1):a.attachEvent&&a.attachEvent("on"+o,k))),j.add&&(j.add.call(a,l),l.handler.guid||(l.handler.guid=c.guid)),e?n.splice(n.delegateCount++,0,l):n.push(l),m.event.global[o]=!0);a=null}},remove:function(a,b,c,d,e){var f,g,h,i,j,k,l,n,o,p,q,r=m.hasData(a)&&m._data(a);if(r&&(k=r.events)){b=(b||"").match(E)||[""],j=b.length;while(j--)if(h=_.exec(b[j])||[],o=q=h[1],p=(h[2]||"").split(".").sort(),o){l=m.event.special[o]||{},o=(d?l.delegateType:l.bindType)||o,n=k[o]||[],h=h[2]&&new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+p.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"),i=f=n.length;while(f--)g=n[f],!e&&q!==g.origType||c&&c.guid!==g.guid||h&&!h.test(g.namespace)||d&&d!==g.selector&&("**"!==d||!g.selector)||(n.splice(f,1),g.selector&&n.delegateCount--,l.remove&&l.remove.call(a,g));i&&!n.length&&(l.teardown&&l.teardown.call(a,p,r.handle)!==!1||m.removeEvent(a,o,r.handle),delete k[o])}else for(o in k)m.event.remove(a,o+b[j],c,d,!0);m.isEmptyObject(k)&&(delete r.handle,m._removeData(a,"events"))}},trigger:function(b,c,d,e){var f,g,h,i,k,l,n,o=[d||y],p=j.call(b,"type")?b.type:b,q=j.call(b,"namespace")?b.namespace.split("."):[];if(h=l=d=d||y,3!==d.nodeType&&8!==d.nodeType&&!$.test(p+m.event.triggered)&&(p.indexOf(".")>=0&&(q=p.split("."),p=q.shift(),q.sort()),g=p.indexOf(":")<0&&"on"+p,b=b[m.expando]?b:new m.Event(p,"object"==typeof b&&b),b.isTrigger=e?2:3,b.namespace=q.join("."),b.namespace_re=b.namespace?new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+q.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"):null,b.result=void 0,b.target||(b.target=d),c=null==c?[b]:m.makeArray(c,[b]),k=m.event.special[p]||{},e||!k.trigger||k.trigger.apply(d,c)!==!1)){if(!e&&!k.noBubble&&!m.isWindow(d)){for(i=k.delegateType||p,$.test(i+p)||(h=h.parentNode);h;h=h.parentNode)o.push(h),l=h;l===(d.ownerDocument||y)&&o.push(l.defaultView||l.parentWindow||a)}n=0;while((h=o[n++])&&!b.isPropagationStopped())b.type=n>1?i:k.bindType||p,f=(m._data(h,"events")||{})[b.type]&&m._data(h,"handle"),f&&f.apply(h,c),f=g&&h[g],f&&f.apply&&m.acceptData(h)&&(b.result=f.apply(h,c),b.result===!1&&b.preventDefault());if(b.type=p,!e&&!b.isDefaultPrevented()&&(!k._default||k._default.apply(o.pop(),c)===!1)&&m.acceptData(d)&&g&&d[p]&&!m.isWindow(d)){l=d[g],l&&(d[g]=null),m.event.triggered=p;try{d[p]()}catch(r){}m.event.triggered=void 0,l&&(d[g]=l)}return b.result}},dispatch:function(a){a=m.event.fix(a);var b,c,e,f,g,h=[],i=d.call(arguments),j=(m._data(this,"events")||{})[a.type]||[],k=m.event.special[a.type]||{};if(i[0]=a,a.delegateTarget=this,!k.preDispatch||k.preDispatch.call(this,a)!==!1){h=m.event.handlers.call(this,a,j),b=0;while((f=h[b++])&&!a.isPropagationStopped()){a.currentTarget=f.elem,g=0;while((e=f.handlers[g++])&&!a.isImmediatePropagationStopped())(!a.namespace_re||a.namespace_re.test(e.namespace))&&(a.handleObj=e,a.data=e.data,c=((m.event.special[e.origType]||{}).handle||e.handler).apply(f.elem,i),void 0!==c&&(a.result=c)===!1&&(a.preventDefault(),a.stopPropagation()))}return k.postDispatch&&k.postDispatch.call(this,a),a.result}},handlers:function(a,b){var c,d,e,f,g=[],h=b.delegateCount,i=a.target;if(h&&i.nodeType&&(!a.button||"click"!==a.type))for(;i!=this;i=i.parentNode||this)if(1===i.nodeType&&(i.disabled!==!0||"click"!==a.type)){for(e=[],f=0;h>f;f++)d=b[f],c=d.selector+" ",void 0===e[c]&&(e[c]=d.needsContext?m(c,this).index(i)>=0:m.find(c,this,null,[i]).length),e[c]&&e.push(d);e.length&&g.push({elem:i,handlers:e})}return h]","i"),ha=/^\s+/,ia=/<(?!area|br|col|embed|hr|img|input|link|meta|param)(([\w:]+)[^>]*)\/>/gi,ja=/<([\w:]+)/,ka=/\s*$/g,ra={option:[1,""],legend:[1,"
    ","
    "],area:[1,"",""],param:[1,"",""],thead:[1,"","
    "],tr:[2,"","
    "],col:[2,"","
    "],td:[3,"","
    "],_default:k.htmlSerialize?[0,"",""]:[1,"X
    ","
    "]},sa=da(y),ta=sa.appendChild(y.createElement("div"));ra.optgroup=ra.option,ra.tbody=ra.tfoot=ra.colgroup=ra.caption=ra.thead,ra.th=ra.td;function ua(a,b){var c,d,e=0,f=typeof a.getElementsByTagName!==K?a.getElementsByTagName(b||"*"):typeof a.querySelectorAll!==K?a.querySelectorAll(b||"*"):void 0;if(!f)for(f=[],c=a.childNodes||a;null!=(d=c[e]);e++)!b||m.nodeName(d,b)?f.push(d):m.merge(f,ua(d,b));return void 0===b||b&&m.nodeName(a,b)?m.merge([a],f):f}function va(a){W.test(a.type)&&(a.defaultChecked=a.checked)}function wa(a,b){return m.nodeName(a,"table")&&m.nodeName(11!==b.nodeType?b:b.firstChild,"tr")?a.getElementsByTagName("tbody")[0]||a.appendChild(a.ownerDocument.createElement("tbody")):a}function xa(a){return a.type=(null!==m.find.attr(a,"type"))+"/"+a.type,a}function ya(a){var b=pa.exec(a.type);return b?a.type=b[1]:a.removeAttribute("type"),a}function za(a,b){for(var c,d=0;null!=(c=a[d]);d++)m._data(c,"globalEval",!b||m._data(b[d],"globalEval"))}function Aa(a,b){if(1===b.nodeType&&m.hasData(a)){var c,d,e,f=m._data(a),g=m._data(b,f),h=f.events;if(h){delete g.handle,g.events={};for(c in h)for(d=0,e=h[c].length;e>d;d++)m.event.add(b,c,h[c][d])}g.data&&(g.data=m.extend({},g.data))}}function Ba(a,b){var c,d,e;if(1===b.nodeType){if(c=b.nodeName.toLowerCase(),!k.noCloneEvent&&b[m.expando]){e=m._data(b);for(d in e.events)m.removeEvent(b,d,e.handle);b.removeAttribute(m.expando)}"script"===c&&b.text!==a.text?(xa(b).text=a.text,ya(b)):"object"===c?(b.parentNode&&(b.outerHTML=a.outerHTML),k.html5Clone&&a.innerHTML&&!m.trim(b.innerHTML)&&(b.innerHTML=a.innerHTML)):"input"===c&&W.test(a.type)?(b.defaultChecked=b.checked=a.checked,b.value!==a.value&&(b.value=a.value)):"option"===c?b.defaultSelected=b.selected=a.defaultSelected:("input"===c||"textarea"===c)&&(b.defaultValue=a.defaultValue)}}m.extend({clone:function(a,b,c){var d,e,f,g,h,i=m.contains(a.ownerDocument,a);if(k.html5Clone||m.isXMLDoc(a)||!ga.test("<"+a.nodeName+">")?f=a.cloneNode(!0):(ta.innerHTML=a.outerHTML,ta.removeChild(f=ta.firstChild)),!(k.noCloneEvent&&k.noCloneChecked||1!==a.nodeType&&11!==a.nodeType||m.isXMLDoc(a)))for(d=ua(f),h=ua(a),g=0;null!=(e=h[g]);++g)d[g]&&Ba(e,d[g]);if(b)if(c)for(h=h||ua(a),d=d||ua(f),g=0;null!=(e=h[g]);g++)Aa(e,d[g]);else Aa(a,f);return d=ua(f,"script"),d.length>0&&za(d,!i&&ua(a,"script")),d=h=e=null,f},buildFragment:function(a,b,c,d){for(var e,f,g,h,i,j,l,n=a.length,o=da(b),p=[],q=0;n>q;q++)if(f=a[q],f||0===f)if("object"===m.type(f))m.merge(p,f.nodeType?[f]:f);else if(la.test(f)){h=h||o.appendChild(b.createElement("div")),i=(ja.exec(f)||["",""])[1].toLowerCase(),l=ra[i]||ra._default,h.innerHTML=l[1]+f.replace(ia,"<$1>")+l[2],e=l[0];while(e--)h=h.lastChild;if(!k.leadingWhitespace&&ha.test(f)&&p.push(b.createTextNode(ha.exec(f)[0])),!k.tbody){f="table"!==i||ka.test(f)?""!==l[1]||ka.test(f)?0:h:h.firstChild,e=f&&f.childNodes.length;while(e--)m.nodeName(j=f.childNodes[e],"tbody")&&!j.childNodes.length&&f.removeChild(j)}m.merge(p,h.childNodes),h.textContent="";while(h.firstChild)h.removeChild(h.firstChild);h=o.lastChild}else p.push(b.createTextNode(f));h&&o.removeChild(h),k.appendChecked||m.grep(ua(p,"input"),va),q=0;while(f=p[q++])if((!d||-1===m.inArray(f,d))&&(g=m.contains(f.ownerDocument,f),h=ua(o.appendChild(f),"script"),g&&za(h),c)){e=0;while(f=h[e++])oa.test(f.type||"")&&c.push(f)}return h=null,o},cleanData:function(a,b){for(var d,e,f,g,h=0,i=m.expando,j=m.cache,l=k.deleteExpando,n=m.event.special;null!=(d=a[h]);h++)if((b||m.acceptData(d))&&(f=d[i],g=f&&j[f])){if(g.events)for(e in g.events)n[e]?m.event.remove(d,e):m.removeEvent(d,e,g.handle);j[f]&&(delete j[f],l?delete d[i]:typeof d.removeAttribute!==K?d.removeAttribute(i):d[i]=null,c.push(f))}}}),m.fn.extend({text:function(a){return V(this,function(a){return void 0===a?m.text(this):this.empty().append((this[0]&&this[0].ownerDocument||y).createTextNode(a))},null,a,arguments.length)},append:function(){return this.domManip(arguments,function(a){if(1===this.nodeType||11===this.nodeType||9===this.nodeType){var b=wa(this,a);b.appendChild(a)}})},prepend:function(){return this.domManip(arguments,function(a){if(1===this.nodeType||11===this.nodeType||9===this.nodeType){var b=wa(this,a);b.insertBefore(a,b.firstChild)}})},before:function(){return this.domManip(arguments,function(a){this.parentNode&&this.parentNode.insertBefore(a,this)})},after:function(){return this.domManip(arguments,function(a){this.parentNode&&this.parentNode.insertBefore(a,this.nextSibling)})},remove:function(a,b){for(var c,d=a?m.filter(a,this):this,e=0;null!=(c=d[e]);e++)b||1!==c.nodeType||m.cleanData(ua(c)),c.parentNode&&(b&&m.contains(c.ownerDocument,c)&&za(ua(c,"script")),c.parentNode.removeChild(c));return this},empty:function(){for(var a,b=0;null!=(a=this[b]);b++){1===a.nodeType&&m.cleanData(ua(a,!1));while(a.firstChild)a.removeChild(a.firstChild);a.options&&m.nodeName(a,"select")&&(a.options.length=0)}return this},clone:function(a,b){return a=null==a?!1:a,b=null==b?a:b,this.map(function(){return m.clone(this,a,b)})},html:function(a){return V(this,function(a){var b=this[0]||{},c=0,d=this.length;if(void 0===a)return 1===b.nodeType?b.innerHTML.replace(fa,""):void 0;if(!("string"!=typeof a||ma.test(a)||!k.htmlSerialize&&ga.test(a)||!k.leadingWhitespace&&ha.test(a)||ra[(ja.exec(a)||["",""])[1].toLowerCase()])){a=a.replace(ia,"<$1>");try{for(;d>c;c++)b=this[c]||{},1===b.nodeType&&(m.cleanData(ua(b,!1)),b.innerHTML=a);b=0}catch(e){}}b&&this.empty().append(a)},null,a,arguments.length)},replaceWith:function(){var a=arguments[0];return this.domManip(arguments,function(b){a=this.parentNode,m.cleanData(ua(this)),a&&a.replaceChild(b,this)}),a&&(a.length||a.nodeType)?this:this.remove()},detach:function(a){return this.remove(a,!0)},domManip:function(a,b){a=e.apply([],a);var c,d,f,g,h,i,j=0,l=this.length,n=this,o=l-1,p=a[0],q=m.isFunction(p);if(q||l>1&&"string"==typeof p&&!k.checkClone&&na.test(p))return this.each(function(c){var d=n.eq(c);q&&(a[0]=p.call(this,c,d.html())),d.domManip(a,b)});if(l&&(i=m.buildFragment(a,this[0].ownerDocument,!1,this),c=i.firstChild,1===i.childNodes.length&&(i=c),c)){for(g=m.map(ua(i,"script"),xa),f=g.length;l>j;j++)d=i,j!==o&&(d=m.clone(d,!0,!0),f&&m.merge(g,ua(d,"script"))),b.call(this[j],d,j);if(f)for(h=g[g.length-1].ownerDocument,m.map(g,ya),j=0;f>j;j++)d=g[j],oa.test(d.type||"")&&!m._data(d,"globalEval")&&m.contains(h,d)&&(d.src?m._evalUrl&&m._evalUrl(d.src):m.globalEval((d.text||d.textContent||d.innerHTML||"").replace(qa,"")));i=c=null}return this}}),m.each({appendTo:"append",prependTo:"prepend",insertBefore:"before",insertAfter:"after",replaceAll:"replaceWith"},function(a,b){m.fn[a]=function(a){for(var c,d=0,e=[],g=m(a),h=g.length-1;h>=d;d++)c=d===h?this:this.clone(!0),m(g[d])[b](c),f.apply(e,c.get());return this.pushStack(e)}});var Ca,Da={};function Ea(b,c){var d,e=m(c.createElement(b)).appendTo(c.body),f=a.getDefaultComputedStyle&&(d=a.getDefaultComputedStyle(e[0]))?d.display:m.css(e[0],"display");return e.detach(),f}function Fa(a){var b=y,c=Da[a];return c||(c=Ea(a,b),"none"!==c&&c||(Ca=(Ca||m("